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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 10, 6097-6106, March 5, 1999
From the Adhesion of platelets to sites of
vascular injury is critical for hemostasis and thrombosis and is
dependent on the binding of the vascular adhesive protein von
Willebrand factor (vWf) to the glycoprotein (GP) Ib-V-IX complex on
the platelet surface. A unique but poorly defined characteristic of
this receptor/ligand interaction is its ability to support platelet
adhesion under conditions of high shear stress. To examine the
structural domains of the GPIb-V-IX complex involved in mediating cell
adhesion under flow, we have expressed partial (GPIb-IX), complete
(GPIb-V-IX), and mutant (GPIb
Glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-transfected Cells Roll on a von
Willebrand Factor Matrix under Flow
IMPORTANCE OF THE GPIb/ACTIN-BINDING PROTEIN (ABP-280)
INTERACTION IN MAINTAINING ADHESION UNDER HIGH SHEAR
,
,
Australian Centre for Blood Diseases,
Department of
Pathology,
cytoplasmic tail mutants) receptor
complexes on the surface of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and
examined their ability to adhere to a vWf matrix in flow-based adhesion assays. Our studies demonstrate that the partial receptor complex (GPIb-IX) supports CHO cell tethering and rolling on a bovine or human
vWf matrix under flow. The adhesion was specifically inhibited by an
anti-GPIb
blocking antibody (AK2) and was not observed with CHO
cells expressing GPIb
and GPIX alone. The velocity of rolling was
dependent on the level of shear stress, receptor density, and matrix
concentration and was not altered by the presence of GPV. In contrast
to selectins, which mediate cell rolling under conditions of low shear
(20-200 s
1), GPIb-IX was able to support cell
rolling at both venous (150 s
1) and arterial
(1500-10,500 s
1) shear rates. Studies with a mutant
GPIb
receptor subunit lacking the binding domain for actin-binding
protein demonstrated that the association of the receptor complex with
the membrane skeleton is not essential for cell tethering or rolling
under low shear conditions, but is critical for maintaining adhesion at
high shear rates (3000-6000 s
1). These studies
demonstrate that the GPIb-IX complex is sufficient to mediate cell
rolling on a vWf matrix at both venous and arterial levels of shear
independent of other platelet adhesion receptors. Furthermore, our
results suggest that the association between GPIb
and actin-binding
protein plays an important role in enabling cells to remain tethered to
a vWf matrix under conditions of high shear stress.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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