| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 12, 7777-7783, March 19, 1999
From the Department of Cancer Endocrinology, British Columbia
Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4E6 Canada
Transcription of the prostate-specific antigen
(PSA) gene escapes regulation by androgens in advanced prostate cancer.
To determine the molecular mechanism(s) of androgen-independent
regulation of the PSA gene, the possibility that the androgen receptor
(AR) is activated in the absence of androgen by stimulation of protein kinase A (PKA) was investigated. Activation of PKA by forskolin resulted in elevated expression of the PSA gene in androgen-depleted LNCaP cells, an effect that was blocked by the antiandrogen,
bicalutamide. Further evidence that induction of PSA gene expression
was dependent on AR was obtained from experiments using PC3 cells
devoid of AR. Neither PSA, PB, nor ARR3
androgen-responsive reporters could be induced by activation of PKA in
the absence of transfected AR. In addition, when nuclear AR from
forskolin-treated LNCaP cells was incubated with oligonucleotides
encoding an androgen response element of the PSA promoter and examined
by electromobility shift assay, an increase in AR-androgen response
element complex formation was observed. Lastly, cotransfection of an
expression vector for a chimeric protein encoding the amino-terminal
domain of the human AR linked to Gal4 and a 5xGal4UAS reporter gene
construct resulted in activation of the amino-terminal domain of the AR by stimulation of PKA activity. These results demonstrate
androgen-independent induction of PSA gene expression in prostate
cancer cells by an AR-dependent pathway.
Androgen-independent Induction of Prostate-specific Antigen Gene
Expression via Cross-talk between the Androgen Receptor and Protein
Kinase A Signal Transduction Pathways
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. A. Link, S. Balasubramaniam, A. Sharma, C. E.S. Comstock, S. Godoy-Tundidor, N. Powers, K. H. Cao, A. Haelens, F. Claessens, M. P. Revelo, et al. Targeting the BAF57 SWI/SNF Subunit in Prostate Cancer: A Novel Platform to Control Androgen Receptor Activity Cancer Res., June 15, 2008; 68(12): 4551 - 4558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Bagchi, J. Wu, J. French, J. Kim, N. H. Moniri, and Y. Daaka Androgens Transduce the G{alpha}s-Mediated Activation of Protein Kinase A in Prostate Cells Cancer Res., May 1, 2008; 68(9): 3225 - 3231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Dehm and D. J. Tindall Androgen Receptor Structural and Functional Elements: Role and Regulation in Prostate Cancer Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2007; 21(12): 2855 - 2863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. K. Mukhopadhyay, B. Cinar, L. Mukhopadhyay, M. Lutchman, A. S. Ferdinand, J. Kim, L. W. K. Chung, R. M. Adam, S. K. Ray, A. B. Leiter, et al. The Zinc Finger Protein Ras-Responsive Element Binding Protein-1 Is a Coregulator of the Androgen Receptor: Implications for the Role of the Ras Pathway in Enhancing Androgenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Mol. Endocrinol., September 1, 2007; 21(9): 2056 - 2070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. R. Sastry, Y. Karpova, S. Prokopovich, A. J. Smith, B. Essau, A. Gersappe, J. P. Carson, M. J. Weber, T. C. Register, Y. Q. Chen, et al. Epinephrine Protects Cancer Cells from Apoptosis via Activation of cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase and BAD Phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem., May 11, 2007; 282(19): 14094 - 14100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Yong, Z. Yang, S. Periyasamy, H. Chen, S. Yucel, W. Li, L. Y. Lin, I. M. Wolf, M. J. Cohn, L. S. Baskin, et al. Essential Role for Co-chaperone Fkbp52 but Not Fkbp51 in Androgen Receptor-mediated Signaling and Physiology J. Biol. Chem., February 16, 2007; 282(7): 5026 - 5036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. N. Quayle, N. R. Mawji, J. Wang, and M. D. Sadar Androgen receptor decoy molecules block the growth of prostate cancer PNAS, January 23, 2007; 104(4): 1331 - 1336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Bellezza, H. Neuwirt, C. Nemes, I. T. Cavarretta, M. Puhr, H. Steiner, A. Minelli, G. Bartsch, F. Offner, A. Hobisch, et al. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-3 Antagonizes cAMP Effects on Proliferation and Apoptosis and Is Expressed in Human Prostate Cancer Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2006; 169(6): 2199 - 2208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Cheng, R. Snoek, F. Ghaidi, M. E. Cox, and P. S. Rennie Short Hairpin RNA Knockdown of the Androgen Receptor Attenuates Ligand-Independent Activation and Delays Tumor Progression Cancer Res., November 1, 2006; 66(21): 10613 - 10620. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chen, Y. Xu, X. Yuan, G. J. Bubley, and S. P. Balk Androgen receptor phosphorylation and stabilization in prostate cancer by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 PNAS, October 24, 2006; 103(43): 15969 - 15974. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Dong, Y. Liu, S. Lu, A. Wang, K. Lee, L.-H. Wang, M. Revelo, and S. Lu Vav3 Oncogene Is Overexpressed and Regulates Cell Growth and Androgen Receptor Activity in Human Prostate Cancer Mol. Endocrinol., October 1, 2006; 20(10): 2315 - 2325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. R. Logan, L. Gaughan, S. R. C. McCracken, V. Sapountzi, H. Y. Leung, and C. N. Robson Human PIRH2 Enhances Androgen Receptor Signaling through Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 1 and Is Overexpressed in Prostate Cancer. Mol. Cell. Biol., September 1, 2006; 26(17): 6502 - 6510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.-H. Ma, L. Xia, S. J. Desai, D. L. Boucher, Y. Guan, H.-M. Shih, X.-B. Shi, R. W. deVere White, H.-W. Chen, C. G. Tepper, et al. Male Germ Cell-Associated Kinase, a Male-Specific Kinase Regulated by Androgen, Is a Coactivator of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancer Res., September 1, 2006; 66(17): 8439 - 8447. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Gioeli, B. E. Black, V. Gordon, A. Spencer, C. T. Kesler, S. T. Eblen, B. M. Paschal, and M. J. Weber Stress Kinase Signaling Regulates Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation, Transcription, and Localization Mol. Endocrinol., March 1, 2006; 20(3): 503 - 515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Chen, M. Nomura, H. Morinaga, E. Matsubara, T. Okabe, K. Goto, T. Yanase, H. Zheng, J. Lu, and H. Nawata Modulation of Androgen Receptor Transactivation by FoxH1: A NEWLY IDENTIFIED ANDROGEN RECEPTOR COREPRESSOR J. Biol. Chem., October 28, 2005; 280(43): 36355 - 36363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. U. Agoulnik, A. Vaid, W. E. Bingman III, H. Erdeme, A. Frolov, C. L. Smith, G. Ayala, M. M. Ittmann, and N. L. Weigel Role of SRC-1 in the Promotion of Prostate Cancer Cell Growth and Tumor Progression Cancer Res., September 1, 2005; 65(17): 7959 - 7967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. W. Gregory, Y. E. Whang, W. McCall, X. Fei, Y. Liu, L. A. Ponguta, F. S. French, E. M. Wilson, and H. S. Earp III Heregulin-Induced Activation of HER2 and HER3 Increases Androgen Receptor Transactivation and CWR-R1 Human Recurrent Prostate Cancer Cell Growth Clin. Cancer Res., March 1, 2005; 11(5): 1704 - 1712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Foley, D. Hollywood, and M. Lawler Molecular pathology of prostate cancer: the key to identifying new biomarkers of disease Endocr. Relat. Cancer, September 1, 2004; 11(3): 477 - 488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Wang, H.-K. Lin, Y.-C. Hu, S. Xie, L. Yang, and C. Chang Suppression of Androgen Receptor-mediated Transactivation and Cell Growth by the Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3{beta} in Prostate Cells J. Biol. Chem., July 30, 2004; 279(31): 32444 - 32452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Fu, M. Rao, K. Wu, C. Wang, X. Zhang, M. Hessien, Y.-G. Yeung, D. Gioeli, M. J. Weber, and R. G. Pestell The Androgen Receptor Acetylation Site Regulates cAMP and AKT but Not ERK-induced Activity J. Biol. Chem., July 9, 2004; 279(28): 29436 - 29449. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Borgono, I. P. Michael, and E. P. Diamandis Human Tissue Kallikreins: Physiologic Roles and Applications in Cancer Mol. Cancer Res., May 1, 2004; 2(5): 257 - 280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Tong and H.-H. Tai Synergistic Induction of the Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Linked 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase by an Androgen and Interleukin-6 or Forskolin in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Endocrinology, May 1, 2004; 145(5): 2141 - 2147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Blaszczyk, B. A. Masri, N. R. Mawji, T. Ueda, G. McAlinden, C. P. Duncan, N. Bruchovsky, H.-U. Schweikert, D. Schnabel, E. C. Jones, et al. Osteoblast-Derived Factors Induce Androgen-Independent Proliferation and Expression of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Clin. Cancer Res., March 1, 2004; 10(5): 1860 - 1869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Daaka G Proteins in Cancer: The Prostate Cancer Paradigm Sci. Signal., January 20, 2004; 2004(216): re2 - re2. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Rigas, D. M. Ozanne, D. E. Neal, and C. N. Robson The Scaffolding Protein RACK1 Interacts with Androgen Receptor and Promotes Cross-talk through a Protein Kinase C Signaling Pathway J. Biol. Chem., November 14, 2003; 278(46): 46087 - 46093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. T. E. Lim, G. A. Piazza, R. Pamukcu, W. J. Thompson, and I. B. Weinstein Exisulind and Related Compounds Inhibit Expression and Function of the Androgen Receptor in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Clin. Cancer Res., October 15, 2003; 9(13): 4972 - 4982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Wang, F. Yeung, P.-C. Liu, R. M. Attar, J. Geng, L. W. K. Chung, M. Gottardis, and C. Kao Identification of a Novel Transcription Factor, GAGATA-binding Protein, Involved in Androgen-mediated Expression of Prostate-specific Antigen J. Biol. Chem., August 22, 2003; 278(34): 32423 - 32430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Petre-Draviam, S. L. Cook, C. J. Burd, T. W. Marshall, Y. B. Wetherill, and K. E. Knudsen Specificity of Cyclin D1 for Androgen Receptor Regulation Cancer Res., August 15, 2003; 63(16): 4903 - 4913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. V. Litvinov, A. M. De Marzo, and J. T. Isaacs Is the Achilles' Heel for Prostate Cancer Therapy a Gain of Function in Androgen Receptor Signaling? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2003; 88(7): 2972 - 2982. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Grzywacz, J.-M. Yang, and W. N. Hait Effect of the Multidrug Resistance Protein on the Transport of the Antiandrogen Flutamide Cancer Res., May 15, 2003; 63(10): 2492 - 2498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E. Bakin, D. Gioeli, R. A. Sikes, E. A. Bissonette, and M. J. Weber Constitutive Activation of the Ras/Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway Promotes Androgen Hypersensitivity in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., April 15, 2003; 63(8): 1981 - 1989. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Adam, J. Kim, J. Lin, A. Orsola, L. Zhuang, D. C. Rice, and M. R. Freeman* Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Growth Factor Stimulates Androgen-Independent Prostate Tumor Growth and Antagonizes Androgen Receptor Function Endocrinology, December 1, 2002; 143(12): 4599 - 4608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. James, I. U. Agoulnik, J. M. Harris, G. Buchanan, W. D. Tilley, M. Marcelli, D. J. Lamb, and N. L. Weigel A Novel Androgen Receptor Mutant, A748T, Exhibits Hormone Concentration-Dependent Defects in Nuclear Accumulation and Activity Despite Normal Hormone-Binding Affinity Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2002; 16(12): 2692 - 2705. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ueda, N. R. Mawji, N. Bruchovsky, and M. D. Sadar Ligand-independent Activation of the Androgen Receptor by Interleukin-6 and the Role of Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 in Prostate Cancer Cells J. Biol. Chem., October 4, 2002; 277(41): 38087 - 38094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Heinlein and C. Chang The Roles of Androgen Receptors and Androgen-Binding Proteins in Nongenomic Androgen Actions Mol. Endocrinol., October 1, 2002; 16(10): 2181 - 2187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Gioeli, S. B. Ficarro, J. J. Kwiek, D. Aaronson, M. Hancock, A. D. Catling, F. M. White, R. E. Christian, R. E. Settlage, J. Shabanowitz, et al. Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation. REGULATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE PHOSPHORYLATION SITES J. Biol. Chem., August 2, 2002; 277(32): 29304 - 29314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Bonham, H. Arnold, B. Montgomery, and P. S. Nelson Molecular Effects of the Herbal Compound PC-SPES: Identification of Activity Pathways in Prostate Carcinoma Cancer Res., July 15, 2002; 62(14): 3920 - 3924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Godoy-Tundidor, A. Hobisch, K. Pfeil, G. Bartsch, and Z. Culig Acquisition of Agonistic Properties of Nonsteroidal Antiandrogens after Treatment with Oncostatin M in Prostate Cancer Cells Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2002; 8(7): 2356 - 2361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dai, R. Shen, M. Sumitomo, R. Stahl, D. Navarro, M. C. Gershengorn, and D. M. Nanus Synergistic Activation of the Androgen Receptor by Bombesin and Low-Dose Androgen Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2002; 8(7): 2399 - 2405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Dotzlaw, U. Moehren, S. Mink, A. C. B. Cato, J. A. Iniguez Lluhi, and A. Baniahmad The Amino Terminus of the Human AR Is Target for Corepressor Action and Antihormone Agonism Mol. Endocrinol., April 1, 2002; 16(4): 661 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ueda, N. Bruchovsky, and M. D. Sadar Activation of the Androgen Receptor N-terminal Domain by Interleukin-6 via MAPK and STAT3 Signal Transduction Pathways J. Biol. Chem., February 22, 2002; 277(9): 7076 - 7085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. L. Zegarra-Moro, L. J. Schmidt, H. Huang, and D. J. Tindall Disruption of Androgen Receptor Function Inhibits Proliferation of Androgen-refractory Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., February 1, 2002; 62(4): 1008 - 1013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Kim, C. W. Gregory, F. S. French, G. J. Smith, and J. L. Mohler Androgen Receptor Expression and Cellular Proliferation During Transition from Androgen-Dependent to Recurrent Growth after Castration in the CWR22 Prostate Cancer Xenograft Am. J. Pathol., January 1, 2002; 160(1): 219 - 226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.-F. Lee, J. Guan, Y. Qiu, and H.-J. Kung Neuropeptide-Induced Androgen Independence in Prostate Cancer Cells: Roles of Nonreceptor Tyrosine Kinases Etk/Bmx, Src, and Focal Adhesion Kinase Mol. Cell. Biol., December 15, 2001; 21(24): 8385 - 8397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Grossmann, H. Huang, and D. J. Tindall Androgen Receptor Signaling in Androgen-Refractory Prostate Cancer J Natl Cancer Inst, November 21, 2001; 93(22): 1687 - 1697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Cinar, K. S. Koeneman, M. Edlund, G. S. Prins, H. E. Zhau, and L. W. K. Chung Androgen Receptor Mediates the Reduced Tumor Growth, Enhanced Androgen Responsiveness, and Selected Target Gene Transactivation in a Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line Cancer Res., October 1, 2001; 61(19): 7310 - 7317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Taplin and S.-M. Ho The Endocrinology of Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2001; 86(8): 3467 - 3477. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.-L. Lin, M. C. Whitney, Z. Yao, and E. T. Keller Interleukin-6 Induces Androgen Responsiveness in Prostate Cancer Cells through Up-Regulation of Androgen Receptor Expression Clin. Cancer Res., June 1, 2001; 7(6): 1773 - 1781. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. I. Scher HER2 in Prostate Cancer--a Viable Target or Innocent Bystander? J Natl Cancer Inst, December 6, 2000; 92(23): 1866 - 1868. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Signoretti, R. Montironi, J. Manola, A. Altimari, C. Tam, G. Bubley, S. Balk, G. Thomas, I. Kaplan, L. Hlatky, et al. Her-2-neu Expression and Progression Toward Androgen Independence in Human Prostate Cancer J Natl Cancer Inst, December 6, 2000; 92(23): 1918 - 1925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Lazennec, L. Canaple, D. Saugy, and W. Wahli Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) by Their Ligands and Protein Kinase A Activators Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2000; 14(12): 1962 - 1975. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Sadar and M. E. Gleave Ligand-independent Activation of the Androgen Receptor by the Differentiation Agent Butyrate in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., October 1, 2000; 60(20): 5825 - 5831. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. J. Schrader and G. M. Cooke Examination of Selected Food Additives and Organochlorine Food Contaminants for Androgenic Activity in Vitro Toxicol. Sci., February 1, 2000; 53(2): 278 - 288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Oettgen, E. Finger, Z. Sun, Y. Akbarali, U. Thamrongsak, J. Boltax, F. Grall, A. Dube, A. Weiss, L. Brown, et al. PDEF, a Novel Prostate Epithelium-specific Ets Transcription Factor, Interacts with the Androgen Receptor and Activates Prostate-specific Antigen Gene Expression J. Biol. Chem., January 14, 2000; 275(2): 1216 - 1225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Yeung, X. Li, J. Ellett, J. Trapman, C. Kao, and L. W. K. Chung Regions of Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) Promoter Confer Androgen-independent Expression of PSA in Prostate Cancer Cells J. Biol. Chem., December 22, 2000; 275(52): 40846 - 40855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
