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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 13, 8445-8454, March 26, 1999

Identification of D-Proline Reductase from Clostridium sticklandii as a Selenoenzyme and Indications for a Catalytically Active Pyruvoyl Group Derived from a Cysteine Residue by Cleavage of a Proprotein

Ute C. Kabisch, Andrea Gräntzdörffer, Angelika Schierhorn, Karl Peter Rücknagel, Jan R. Andreesen, and Andreas Pich

From the Institut für Mikrobiologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-6099 Halle, Germany and the  Forschungsstelle "Enzymologie der Proteinfaltung" der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Weinbergweg 22, D-06120 Halle, Germany

Highly active D-proline reductase was obtained from Clostridium sticklandii by a modified purification scheme. The cytoplasmic enzyme had a molecular mass of about 870 kDa and was composed of three subunits with molecular masses of 23, 26, and 45 kDa. The 23-kDa subunit contained a carbonyl group at its N terminus, which could either be labeled with fluorescein thiosemicarbazide or removed by o-phenylenediamine; thus, N-terminal sequencing became feasible for this subunit. L-[¹⁴C]proline was covalently bound to the 23-kDa subunit if proline racemase and NaBH₄ were added. Selenocysteine was detected in the 26-kDa subunit, which correlated with an observed selenium content of 10.6 g-atoms in D-proline reductase. No other non-proteinaceous cofactor was identified in the enzyme. A 4.8-kilobase pair (kb) EcoRI fragment was isolated and sequenced containing the two genes prdA and prdB. prdA coding for a 68-kDa protein was most likely translated as a proprotein that was posttranslationally cleaved at a threonine-cysteine site to give the 45-kDa subunit and most probably a pyruvoyl-containing 23-kDa subunit. The gene prdB encoded the 26-kDa subunit and contained an in frame UGA codon for selenocysteine insertion. prdA and prdB were transcribed together on a transcript of 4.5 kb; prdB was additionally transcribed as indicated by a 0.8-kb mRNA species.

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