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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 14, 9479-9481, April 2, 1999

Induction of the soxRS Regulon of Escherichia coli by Superoxide

Stefan I. Liochev, Ludmil Benov, Daniele Touati^§, and Irwin Fridovich

From the  Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 and the ^§ Department of Microbiology, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, the Universités Paris 6 and Paris 7, France

The soxRS regulon orchestrates a multifaceted defense against oxidative stress, by inducing the transcription of ~15 genes. The induction of this regulon by redox agents, known to mediate O₂ production, led to the view that O₂ is one signal to which it responds. However, redox cycling agents deplete cellular reductants while producing O₂, and one may question whether the regulon responds to the depletion of some cytoplasmic reductant or to O₂, or both. We demonstrate that raising [O₂] by mutational deletion of superoxide dismutases and/or by addition of paraquat, both under aerobic conditions, causes induction of a member of the soxRS regulon and that a mutational defect in soxRS eliminates that induction. This establishes that O₂, directly or indirectly, can cause induction of this defensive regulon.

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