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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 15, 10163-10172, April 9, 1999
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From the Departments of Chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides have been shown
to promote single nucleotide exchange in genomic DNA. A chimeric
molecule was designed to introduce an A to C nucleotide conversion at
the Ser365 position of the rat factor IX gene. The
oligonucleotides were encapsulated in positive, neutral, and negatively
charged liposomes containing galactocerebroside or complexed with
lactosylated polyethyleneimine. The formulations were evaluated for
stability and efficiency in targeting hepatocytes via the
asialoglycoprotein receptor. Physical characterization and electron
microscopy revealed that the oligonucleotides were efficiently
encapsulated within the liposomes, with the positive and negative
formulations remaining stable for at least 1 month. Transfection
efficiencies in isolated rat hepatocytes approached 100% with each of
the formulations. However, the negative liposomes and 25-kDa
lactosylated polyethyleneimine provided the most intense nuclear
fluorescence with the fluorescein-labeled oligonucleotides. The
lactosylated polyethyleneimine and the three different liposomal formulations resulted in A to C conversion efficiencies of 19-24%. In
addition, lactosylated polyethyleneimine was also highly effective in
transfecting plasmid DNA into isolated hepatocytes. The results suggest
that both the liposomal and polyethyleneimine formulations are simple
to prepare and stable and give reliable, reproducible results. They
provide efficient delivery systems to hepatocytes for the introduction
or repair of genetic mutations by the chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides.
Medicine and
§ Cell Biology, University of Minnesota Medical School,
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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