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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 15, 10219-10226, April 9, 1999

Basolateral Localization of Fiber Receptors Limits Adenovirus Infection from the Apical Surface of Airway Epithelia

Robert W. Walters, Teresa Grunst, Jeffrey M. BergelsonDagger , Robert W. Finberg, Michael J. Welsh, and Joseph Zabner

From the Departments of Internal Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, the Dagger  Division of Immunologic and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and the  Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Recent identification of two receptors for the adenovirus fiber protein, coxsackie B and adenovirus type 2 and 5 receptor (CAR), and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I alpha -2 domain allows the molecular basis of adenoviral infection to be investigated. Earlier work has shown that human airway epithelia are resistant to infection by adenovirus. Therefore, we examined the expression and localization of CAR and MHC Class I in an in vitro model of well differentiated, ciliated human airway epithelia. We found that airway epithelia express CAR and MHC Class I. However, neither receptor was present in the apical membrane; instead, both were polarized to the basolateral membrane. These findings explain the relative resistance to adenovirus infection from the apical surface. In contrast, when the virus was applied to the basolateral surface, gene transfer was much more efficient because of an interaction of adenovirus fiber with its receptors. In addition, when the integrity of the tight junctions was transiently disrupted, apically applied adenovirus gained access to the basolateral surface and enhanced gene transfer. These data suggest that the receptors required for efficient infection are not available on the apical surface, and interventions that allow access to the basolateral space where fiber receptors are located increase gene transfer efficiency.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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