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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 16, 10897-10902, April 16, 1999

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Inhibits Platelet-derived Growth Factor-induced c-fos Gene Transcription and DNA Synthesis in Mesangial Cells
INVOLVEMENT OF MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE

Goutam Ghosh Choundhury, Yong-soo Kim, Matthias Simon, John Wozney, Stephen Harris, Nandini Ghosh-Choundhury^**, and Hanna E. Abboud

From the Departments of ^** Medicine and Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center and  Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas 78284-7882 and the  Genetics Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01810

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in nephrogenesis. The biologic effect and mechanism of action of these proteins in the adult kidney has not yet been studied. We investigated the effect of BMP2, a member of these growth and differentiation factors, on mitogenic signal transduction pathways induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in glomerular mesangial cells. PDGF is a growth and survival factor for these cells in vitro and in vivo. Incubation of mesangial cells with increasing concentrations of BMP2 inhibited PDGF-induced DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner with maximum inhibition at 250 ng/ml. Immune complex tyrosine kinase assay of PDGF receptor  immunoprecipitates from lysates of mesangial cells treated with PDGF showed no inhibitory effect of BMP2 on PDGF receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. This indicates that the inhibition of DNA synthesis is likely due to postreceptor events. However, BMP2 significantly inhibited PDGF-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity that phosphorylates the Elk-1 transcription factor, a component of the ternary complex factor. Using a fusion protein-based reporter assay, we also show that BMP2 blocks PDGF-induced Elk-1-mediated transcription. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BMP2 inhibits PDGF-induced transcription of c-fos gene, a natural target of Elk-1 that normally forms a ternary complex that activates the serum response element of the c-fos gene. These data provide the first evidence that in mesangial cells, BMP2 signaling cross-talks with MAPK-based transcriptional events to inhibit PDGF-induced DNA synthesis. One target for this inhibition is the early response gene c-fos.

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