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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 18, 12715-12721, April 30, 1999

A Novel Acyl-CoA Oxidase That Can Oxidize Short-chain Acyl-CoA in Plant Peroxisomes

Hiroshi HayashiDagger §, Luigi De BellisDagger , Adriana Ciurli, Maki KondoDagger , Makoto HayashiDagger §, and Mikio NishimuraDagger §

From the Dagger  Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology and the § Department of Molecular Biomechanics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan and the  Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, via Mariscoglio 34, 56124 Pisa, Italy

Short-chain acyl-CoA oxidases are beta -oxidation enzymes that are active on short-chain acyl-CoAs and that appear to be present in higher plant peroxisomes and absent in mammalian peroxisomes. Therefore, plant peroxisomes are capable of performing complete beta -oxidation of acyl-CoA chains, whereas mammalian peroxisomes can perform beta -oxidation of only those acyl-CoA chains that are larger than octanoyl-CoA (C8). In this report, we have shown that a novel acyl-CoA oxidase can oxidize short-chain acyl-CoA in plant peroxisomes. A peroxisomal short-chain acyl-CoA oxidase from Arabidopsis was purified following the expression of the Arabidopsis cDNA in a baculovirus expression system. The purified enzyme was active on butyryl-CoA (C4), hexanoyl-CoA (C6), and octanoyl-CoA (C8). Cell fractionation and immunocytochemical analysis revealed that the short-chain acyl-CoA oxidase is localized in peroxisomes. The expression pattern of the short-chain acyl-CoA oxidase was similar to that of peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, a marker enzyme of fatty acid beta -oxidation, during post-germinative growth. Although the molecular structure and amino acid sequence of the enzyme are similar to those of mammalian mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, the purified enzyme has no activity as acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. These results indicate that the short-chain acyl-CoA oxidases function in fatty acid beta -oxidation in plant peroxisomes, and that by the cooperative action of long- and short-chain acyl-CoA oxidases, plant peroxisomes are capable of performing the complete beta -oxidation of acyl-CoA.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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