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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 2, 717-727, January 8, 1999
From the Departments of § Vascular Biology and
The 39-kDa receptor-associated protein (RAP) is
an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein that binds to the low density
lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) as well as certain members
of the low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily and antagonizes
ligand binding. In order to identify important functional regions of RAP, studies were performed to define the domain organization and
domain boundaries of this molecule. Differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC) experiments revealed that the process of thermal denaturation of
RAP is highly reversible and occurs in a broad temperature range with
two well resolved heat absorption peaks. A good fit of the endotherm
was obtained with four two-state transitions suggesting these many
cooperative domains in the molecule. A number of recombinant fragments
of RAP were expressed in bacteria, and their domain composition and
stability were characterized by DSC, circular dichroism, and
fluorescence spectroscopy. The results confirmed that RAP is composed
of four independently folded domains, D1, D2, D3, and D4, that
encompass residues 1-92, 93-163, 164-216, and 217-323,
respectively. The first and the fourth domains preserved their
structure and stability when isolated, whereas the compact structure of
the fragment corresponding to D2 seems to be altered when isolated from
the parent molecule. Isolated D3 was partially degraded during
isolation from bacterial lysates. The isolated D4 was capable of
binding with high affinity to LRP whereas neither D1 nor D2 bound. At
the same time a fragment containing both D1 and D2 exhibited high
affinity binding to LRP. These facts combined with the thermodynamic
analysis of the melting process of the fragments containing D1 and D2
indicate that these two domains interact with each other and that the
proper folding of the second domain into a native-like active
conformation requires presence of the first domain.
Domain Organization of the 39-kDa Receptor-associated
Protein
,
Biochemistry, Holland Laboratory, American Red Cross,
Rockville, Maryland 20855, the ** Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology and Institute for Biomedical Sciences, George
Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037, and
the ¶ Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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