| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 2, 787-794, January 8, 1999
-inducible I
B Proteolysis
Mediated by Cytosolic m-Calpain
B ACTIVATION
,§,
, and
From the The cytokine tumor necrosis factor Department of Internal Medicine, the
§ Department of Physiology and Biophysics, the
¶ Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and the Sealy
Center for Molecular Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch,
Galveston, Texas 77555-1060
(TNF-)
induces expression of inflammatory gene networks by activating
cytoplasmic to nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-B
(NF-B) transcription factor. NF-B activation results from
sequential phosphorylation and hydrolysis of the cytoplasmic inhibitor,
IB, through the 26 S proteasome. Here, we show a parallel
proteasome-independent pathway for cytokine-inducible IB
proteolysis in HepG2 liver cells mediated by cytosolic
calcium-activated neutral protease (calpains). Pretreatment with either
calpain- or proteasome-selective inhibitors partially blocks up to 50%
of TNF--inducible IB proteolysis; pretreatment with both is
required to completely block IB proteolysis. Similarly, in
transient cotransfection assays, expression of the specific inhibitor,
calpastatin, partially blocks TNF--inducible
NF-B-dependent promoter activity and IB proteolysis. In TNF--stimulated cells, a rapid (within 1 min), 2.2-fold increase in cytosolic calpain proteolytic activity is measured
using a specific fluorescent assay. Inducible calpain proteolytic
activity occurs coincidentally with the particulate-to-cytosol redistribution of the catalytic m-calpain subunit into the IB compartment. Addition of catalytically active m-calpain into broken cells was sufficient to produce ligand-independent IB proteolysis and NF-B translocation. As additional evidence for
calpain-dependent IB proteolysis and NF-B
activation, we demonstrate that this process occurs in a cell line
(ts20b) deficient in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
Following inactivation of the temperature-sensitive
ubiquitin-activating enzyme, IB proteolysis occurs in a manner
sensitive only to calpain inhibitors. Our results demonstrate that
TNF- activates cytosolic calpains, a parallel pathway that degrades
IB and activates NF-B activation independently of the
ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. E. Nowak, B. Tian, M. Jamaluddin, I. Boldogh, L. A. Vergara, S. Choudhary, and A. R. Brasier RelA Ser276 Phosphorylation Is Required for Activation of a Subset of NF-{kappa}B-Dependent Genes by Recruiting Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9/Cyclin T1 Complexes Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2008; 28(11): 3623 - 3638. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Boncoeur, T. Roque, E. Bonvin, V. Saint-Criq, M. Bonora, A. Clement, O. Tabary, A. Henrion-Caude, and J. Jacquot Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Controls Lung Proteasomal Degradation and Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Activity in Conditions of Oxidative Stress Am. J. Pathol., May 1, 2008; 172(5): 1184 - 1194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Hirose, R. Yoshida, S. Imoto, R. Yamaguchi, T. Higuchi, D. S. Charnock-Jones, C. Print, and S. Miyano Statistical inference of transcriptional module-based gene networks from time course gene expression profiles by using state space models Bioinformatics, April 1, 2008; 24(7): 932 - 942. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z Rakonczay Jr, P Hegyi, T Takacs, J McCarroll, and A K Saluja The role of NF-{kappa}B activation in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis Gut, February 1, 2008; 57(2): 259 - 267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. K. Green, R. C. Stratton, P. E. Squires, and A. W. M. Simpson Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Attenuates Elevations in Ca2+ and Protects Hepatocytes by Stimulating Net Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Efflux J. Biol. Chem., November 23, 2007; 282(47): 34542 - 34554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bill. B. Chen and R. K. Mallampalli Calmodulin Binds and Stabilizes the Regulatory Enzyme, CTP:Phosphocholine Cytidylyltransferase J. Biol. Chem., November 16, 2007; 282(46): 33494 - 33506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Choudhary, M. Lu, R. Cui, and A. R. Brasier Involvement of a Novel Rac/RhoA Guanosine Triphosphatase-Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Inducing Kinase Signaling Pathway Mediating Angiotensin II-Induced RelA Transactivation Mol. Endocrinol., September 1, 2007; 21(9): 2203 - 2217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Vermaelen, P. Sirvent, F. Raynaud, C. Astier, J. Mercier, A. Lacampagne, and O. Cazorla Differential localization of autolyzed calpains 1 and 2 in slow and fast skeletal muscles in the early phase of atrophy Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): C1723 - C1731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. C. Henderson, O. L. Miakotina, and R. K. Mallampalli Proapoptotic effects of P. aeruginosa involve inhibition of surfactant phosphatidylcholine synthesis J. Lipid Res., October 1, 2006; 47(10): 2314 - 2324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Cui, B. Tieu, A. Recinos, R. G. Tilton, and A. R. Brasier RhoA Mediates Angiotensin II-Induced Phospho-Ser536 Nuclear Factor {kappa}B/RelA Subunit Exchange on the Interleukin-6 Promoter in VSMCs Circ. Res., September 29, 2006; 99(7): 723 - 730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Mlynarczuk-Bialy, H. Roeckmann, U. Kuckelkorn, B. Schmidt, S. Umbreen, J. Golab, A. Ludwig, C. Montag, L. Wiebusch, C. Hagemeier, et al. Combined effect of proteasome and calpain inhibition on Cisplatin-resistant human melanoma cells. Cancer Res., August 1, 2006; 66(15): 7598 - 7605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Su, Z. Cui, Z. Li, and E. R. Block Calpain-2 regulation of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis FASEB J, July 1, 2006; 20(9): 1443 - 1451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hai, M.-L. Yeung, T. G. Wood, Y. Wei, S. Yamaoka, Z. Gatalica, K.-T. Jeang, and A. R. Brasier An Alternative Splice Product of I{kappa}B Kinase (IKK{gamma}), IKK{gamma}-{Delta}, Differentially Mediates Cytokine and Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax-Induced NF-{kappa}B Activation J. Virol., May 1, 2006; 80(9): 4227 - 4241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Cui, Z. Han, Z. Li, H. Hu, J. M. Patel, V. Antony, E. R. Block, and Y. Su Involvement of Calpain-Calpastatin in Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inhibition of Lung Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2005; 33(5): 513 - 520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Y.-I. Lee, D.-W. Kim, J. A. Karmin, D. Hong, S.-S. Chang, M. Fujisawa, H. Takayanagi, L. U. Bigliani, T. A. Blaine, and H.-J. Lee {micro}-Calpain Regulates Receptor Activator of NF-{kappa}B Ligand (RANKL)-supported Osteoclastogenesis via NF-{kappa}B Activation in RAW 264.7 Cells J. Biol. Chem., August 19, 2005; 280(33): 29929 - 29936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Peng, M. R. Power, B. Li, and T.-J. Lin Inhibition of IKK down-regulates antigen + IgE-induced TNF production by mast cells: a role for the IKK-I{kappa}B-NF-{kappa}B pathway in IgE-dependent mast cell activation J. Leukoc. Biol., June 1, 2005; 77(6): 975 - 983. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Esteban, M. Ruperez, E. Sanchez-Lopez, J. Rodriguez-Vita, O. Lorenzo, H. Demaegdt, P. Vanderheyden, J. Egido, and M. Ruiz-Ortega Angiotensin IV Activates the Nuclear Transcription Factor-{kappa}B and Related Proinflammatory Genes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Circ. Res., May 13, 2005; 96(9): 965 - 973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Tian, D. E. Nowak, M. Jamaluddin, S. Wang, and A. R. Brasier Identification of Direct Genomic Targets Downstream of the Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Transcription Factor Mediating Tumor Necrosis Factor Signaling J. Biol. Chem., April 29, 2005; 280(17): 17435 - 17448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Deng, P. D. Lu, Y. Zhang, D. Scheuner, R. J. Kaufman, N. Sonenberg, H. P. Harding, and D. Ron Translational Repression Mediates Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B by Phosphorylated Translation Initiation Factor 2 Mol. Cell. Biol., December 1, 2004; 24(23): 10161 - 10168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Brasier, H. Spratt, Z. Wu, I. Boldogh, Y. Zhang, R. P. Garofalo, A. Casola, J. Pashmi, A. Haag, B. Luxon, et al. Nuclear Heat Shock Response and Novel Nuclear Domain 10 Reorganization in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected A549 Cells Identified by High-Resolution Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis J. Virol., November 1, 2004; 78(21): 11461 - 11476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. V. Guseva, A. F. Taghiyev, M. T. Sturm, O. W. Rokhlin, and M. B. Cohen Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand-Mediated Activation of Mitochondria-Associated Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B in Prostatic Carcinoma Cell Lines Mol. Cancer Res., October 1, 2004; 2(10): 574 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Bohuslav, L.-f. Chen, H. Kwon, Y. Mu, and W. C. Greene p53 Induces NF-{kappa}B Activation by an I{kappa}B Kinase-independent Mechanism Involving Phosphorylation of p65 by Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 J. Biol. Chem., June 18, 2004; 279(25): 26115 - 26125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. O'Connor, S. D. Shumway, I. J. Amanna, C. E. Hayes, and S. Miyamoto Regulation of Constitutive p50/c-Rel Activity via Proteasome Inhibitor-Resistant I{kappa}B{alpha} Degradation in B Cells Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2004; 24(11): 4895 - 4908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. H. Nemeth, H. R. Wong, K. Odoms, E. A. Deitch, C. Szabo, E. S. Vizi, and G. Hasko Proteasome Inhibitors Induce Inhibitory {kappa}B (I{kappa}B) Kinase Activation, I{kappa}B{alpha} Degradation, and Nuclear Factor {kappa}B Activation in HT-29 Cells Mol. Pharmacol., February 1, 2004; 65(2): 342 - 349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Waris, A. Livolsi, V. Imbert, J.-F. Peyron, and A. Siddiqui Hepatitis C Virus NS5A and Subgenomic Replicon Activate NF-{kappa}B via Tyrosine Phosphorylation of I{kappa}B{alpha} and Its Degradation by Calpain Protease J. Biol. Chem., October 17, 2003; 278(42): 40778 - 40787. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Zhou, A. J. Ryan, J. Medh, and R. K. Mallampalli Oxidized Lipoproteins Inhibit Surfactant Phosphatidylcholine Synthesis via Calpain-mediated Cleavage of CTP:Phosphocholine Cytidylyltransferase J. Biol. Chem., September 26, 2003; 278(39): 37032 - 37040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Wang, J. K. Barry, Z. Min, G. Tordsen, A. G. Rao, and O.-A. Olsen The Calpain Domain of the Maize DEK1 Protein Contains the Conserved Catalytic Triad and Functions as a Cysteine Proteinase J. Biol. Chem., September 5, 2003; 278(36): 34467 - 34474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Sedarous, E. Keramaris, M. O'Hare, E. Melloni, R. S. Slack, J. S. Elce, P. A. Greer, and D. S. Park Calpains Mediate p53 Activation and Neuronal Death Evoked by DNA Damage J. Biol. Chem., July 3, 2003; 278(28): 26031 - 26038. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Chade, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, J. P. Grande, X. Zhu, V. Sica, C. Napoli, T. Sawamura, S. C. Textor, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Mechanisms of Renal Structural Alterations in Combined Hypercholesterolemia and Renal Artery Stenosis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., July 1, 2003; 23(7): 1295 - 1301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Cogswell, D. F. Kashatus, J. A. Keifer, D. C. Guttridge, J. Y. Reuther, C. Bristow, S. Roy, D. W. Nicholson, and A. S. Baldwin Jr. NF-kappa B and Ikappa Balpha Are Found in the Mitochondria. EVIDENCE FOR REGULATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL GENE EXPRESSION BY NF-kappa B J. Biol. Chem., January 24, 2003; 278(5): 2963 - 2968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Tian and A. R. Brasier Identification of a Nuclear Factor Kappa B-dependent Gene Network Recent Prog. Horm. Res., January 1, 2003; 58(1): 95 - 130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Bernal-Mizrachi, W. Wen, M. Shornick, and M. A. Permutt Activation of Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B by Depolarization and Ca2+ Influx in MIN6 Insulinoma Cells Diabetes, December 1, 2002; 51(90003): S484 - 488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Witkowski, E. Zmuda-Trzebiatowska, J. M. Swiercz, M. Cichorek, H. Ciepluch, K. Lewandowski, E. Bryl, and A. Hellmann Modulation of the activity of calcium-activated neutral proteases (calpains) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells Blood, August 13, 2002; 100(5): 1802 - 1809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Tian, Y. Zhang, B. A. Luxon, R. P. Garofalo, A. Casola, M. Sinha, and A. R. Brasier Identification of NF-{kappa}B-Dependent Gene Networks in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Cells J. Virol., June 5, 2002; 76(13): 6800 - 6814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Mandic, K. Viktorsson, L. Strandberg, T. Heiden, J. Hansson, S. Linder, and M. C. Shoshan Calpain-Mediated Bid Cleavage and Calpain-Independent Bak Modulation: Two Separate Pathways in Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 2002; 22(9): 3003 - 3013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-S. Chang The Non-ankyrin C Terminus of Ikappa Balpha Physically Interacts with p53 in Vivo and Dissociates in Response to Apoptotic Stress, Hypoxia, DNA Damage, and Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1-mediated Growth Suppression J. Biol. Chem., March 15, 2002; 277(12): 10323 - 10331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. M. Botion, A. R. Brasier, B. Tian, V. Udupi, and A. Green Inhibition of Proteasome Activity Blocks the Ability of TNF{alpha} to Down-Regulate Gi Proteins and Stimulate Lipolysis Endocrinology, December 1, 2001; 142(12): 5069 - 5075. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Shen, P. Channavajhala, D. C. Seldin, and G. E. Sonenshein Phosphorylation by the Protein Kinase CK2 Promotes Calpain-Mediated Degradation of I{kappa}B{alpha} J. Immunol., November 1, 2001; 167(9): 4919 - 4925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Jaspers, W. Zhang, A. Fraser, J. M. Samet, and W. Reed Hydrogen Peroxide Has Opposing Effects on IKK Activity and Ikappa Balpha Breakdown in Airway Epithelial Cells Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., June 1, 2001; 24(6): 769 - 777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Jamaluddin, S. Wang, R. P. Garofalo, T. Elliott, A. Casola, S. Baron, and A. R. Brasier IFN-{beta} mediates coordinate expression of antigen-processing genes in RSV-infected pulmonary epithelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): L248 - L257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Chen, L. M. Demers, V. Vallyathan, Y. Lu, V. Castranova, and X. Shi Impairment of NF-kappa B activation and modulation of gene expression by calpastatin Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): C709 - C716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V.C. Allport, D.M. Slater, R. Newton, and P.R. Bennett NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 are required for cyclo-oxygenase 2 gene expression in amnion epithelial cell line (WISH) Mol. Hum. Reprod., June 1, 2000; 6(6): 561 - 565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Fields, B. J. Seufzer, E. M. Oltz, and S. Miyamoto A Switch in Distinct I{kappa}B{alpha} Degradation Mechanisms Mediates Constitutive NF-{kappa}B Activation in Mature B Cells J. Immunol., May 1, 2000; 164(9): 4762 - 4767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Schoonbroodt, V. Ferreira, M. Best-Belpomme, J. R. Boelaert, S. Legrand-Poels, M. Korner, and J. Piette Crucial Role of the Amino-Terminal Tyrosine Residue 42 and the Carboxyl-Terminal PEST Domain of I{kappa}B{alpha} in NF-{kappa}B Activation by an Oxidative Stress J. Immunol., April 15, 2000; 164(8): 4292 - 4300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Alderton and R. A. Steinhardt Calcium Influx through Calcium Leak Channels Is Responsible for the Elevated Levels of Calcium-dependent Proteolysis in Dystrophic Myotubes J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2000; 275(13): 9452 - 9460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. T. Huang, S. M. Wuerzberger-Davis, B. J. Seufzer, S. D. Shumway, T. Kurama, D. A. Boothman, and S. Miyamoto NF-kappa B Activation by Camptothecin. A LINKAGE BETWEEN NUCLEAR DNA DAMAGE AND CYTOPLASMIC SIGNALING EVENTS J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2000; 275(13): 9501 - 9509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. K. Mallampalli, A. J. Ryan, R. G. Salome, and S. Jackowski Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Inhibits Expression of CTP:Phosphocholine Cytidylyltransferase J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2000; 275(13): 9699 - 9708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Ma and K. T. Baldwin 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced Degradation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway. ROLE OF THE TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATON AND DNA BINDING OF AhR J. Biol. Chem., March 17, 2000; 275(12): 8432 - 8438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Mukhopadhyay, S. K. Manna, and B. B. Aggarwal Pervanadate-induced Nuclear Factor-kappa B Activation Requires Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Degradation of Ikappa Balpha . COMPARISON WITH TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-alpha J. Biol. Chem., March 17, 2000; 275(12): 8549 - 8555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. T. Chua, K. Guo, and P. Li Direct Cleavage by the Calcium-activated Protease Calpain Can Lead to Inactivation of Caspases J. Biol. Chem., February 18, 2000; 275(7): 5131 - 5135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Melloni, M. Averna, F. Salamino, B. Sparatore, R. Minafra, and S. Pontremoli Acyl-CoA-binding Protein Is a Potent m-Calpain Activator J. Biol. Chem., January 7, 2000; 275(1): 82 - 86. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Shumway, M. Maki, and S. Miyamoto The PEST Domain of Ikappa Balpha Is Necessary and Sufficient for in Vitro Degradation by {micro}-Calpain J. Biol. Chem., October 22, 1999; 274(43): 30874 - 30881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Kouba, H. Nakano, T. Nishiyama, J. Kang, J. Uitto, and A. Mauviel Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Induces Distinctive NF-kappa B Signaling within Human Dermal Fibroblasts J. Biol. Chem., February 23, 2001; 276(9): 6214 - 6224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Petranka, G. Wright, R. A. Forbes, and E. Murphy Elevated Calcium in Preneoplastic Cells Activates NF-kappa B and Confers Resistance to Apoptosis J. Biol. Chem., September 28, 2001; 276(40): 37102 - 37108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Brasier, M. Lu, T. Hai, Y. Lu, and I. Boldogh NF-kappa B-inducible BCL-3 Expression Is an Autoregulatory Loop Controlling Nuclear p50/NF-kappa B1 Residence J. Biol. Chem., August 17, 2001; 276(34): 32080 - 32093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| All ASBMB Journals | Molecular and Cellular Proteomics |
| Journal of Lipid Research | ASBMB Today |
