| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 2, 867-880, January 8, 1999
From the Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of
Obstetrics & Gynecology and Division of Genetics, Department of
Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115
The response of the pituitary gonadotrope to
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) correlates directly with the
concentration of GnRH receptors (GnRHR) on the cell surface, which is
mediated in part at the level of GnRHR gene expression. Several
hormones have been implicated in this regulation, most notably GnRH
itself. Despite these observations and the central role that GnRH is
known to play in reproductive development and function, the molecular mechanism(s) by which GnRH regulates transcription of the GnRHR gene
has not been well elucidated. Previous studies in this laboratory have
identified and partially characterized the promoter region of the mouse
GnRHR gene and demonstrated that the regulatory elements for
tissue-specific expression as well as for GnRH regulation are present
within the 1.2-kilobase 5'-flanking sequence. By using deletion and
mutational analysis as well as functional transfection studies in the
murine gonadotrope-derived 
T3-1 cell line, we have localized GnRH
responsiveness of the mouse GnRHR gene to two DNA sequences at
276/269 (designated Sequence Underlying Responsiveness to GnRH-2 (SURG-2), which
contains the consensus sequence for the activating protein-1-binding
site) and 292/285 (a novel element designated SURG-1), and
demonstrated that this response is mediated via protein kinase C. By
using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we further demonstrate
that a member(s) of the Fos/Jun heterodimer superfamily is responsible
in part for the DNA-protein complexes formed on SURG-2, using T3-1
nuclear extracts. These data define a bipartite GnRH response element in the mouse GnRHR 5'-flanking sequence and suggest that the activating protein-1 complex plays a central role in conferring GnRH
responsiveness to the murine GnRHR gene.
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  N. A. Ciccone, C. T. Lacza, M. Y. Hou, S. J. Gregory, K.-Y. Kam, S. Xu, and U. B. Kaiser A Composite Element that Binds Basic Helix Loop Helix and Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors Is Important for Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Regulation of the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone {beta} Gene Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2008; 22(8): 1908 - 1923. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Cogliati, P. Delgado-Romero, E. R. Norwitz, J. Guduric-Fuchs, U. B. Kaiser, S. Wray, and I. R. Kirsch Pubertal Impairment in Nhlh2 Null Mice Is Associated with Hypothalamic and Pituitary Deficiencies Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2007; 21(12): 3013 - 3027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. J. Westphal and A. F. Seasholtz Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Positively Regulates Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Binding Protein Expression via Multiple Intracellular Signaling Pathways and a Multipartite GnRH Response Element in {alpha}T3-1 Cells Mol. Endocrinol., November 1, 2005; 19(11): 2780 - 2797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. McGillivray, J. S. Bailey, R. Ramezani, B. J. Kirkwood, and P. L. Mellon Mouse GnRH Receptor Gene Expression Is Mediated by the LHX3 Homeodomain Protein Endocrinology, May 1, 2005; 146(5): 2180 - 2185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Pask, H. Kanasaki, U. B. Kaiser, P. M. Conn, J. A. Janovick, D. W. Stockton, D. L. Hess, M. J. Justice, and R. R. Behringer A Novel Mouse Model of Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism: N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea-Induced Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Mutation Mol. Endocrinol., April 1, 2005; 19(4): 972 - 981. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. D. Cherrington, T. A. Farmerie, C. A. Lents, J. D. Cantlon, M. S. Roberson, and C. M. Clay Activin Responsiveness of the Murine Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Is Mediated by a Composite Enhancer Containing Spatially Distinct Regulatory Elements Mol. Endocrinol., April 1, 2005; 19(4): 898 - 912. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. K. Cheng and P. C. K. Leung Molecular Biology of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-I, GnRH-II, and Their Receptors in Humans Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2005; 26(2): 283 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.-Y. Kam, K.-H. Jeong, E. R. Norwitz, E. M. Jorgensen, and U. B. Kaiser Oct-1 and Nuclear Factor Y Bind to the SURG-1 Element to Direct Basal and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-Stimulated Mouse GnRH Receptor Gene Transcription Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2005; 19(1): 148 - 162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L L Burger, D J Haisenleder, A C Dalkin, and J C Marshall Regulation of gonadotropin subunit gene transcription J. Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2004; 33(3): 559 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K.-H. Jeong, W. W. Chin, and U. B. Kaiser Essential Role of the Homeodomain for Pituitary Homeobox 1 Activation of Mouse Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Expression through Interactions with c-Jun and DNA Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2004; 24(14): 6127 - 6139. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Y. Bedecarrats, F. H. O'Neill, E. R. Norwitz, U. B. Kaiser, and J. Teixeira Regulation of gonadotropin gene expression by Mullerian inhibiting substance PNAS, August 5, 2003; 100(16): 9348 - 9353. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Y. Bedecarrats and U. B. Kaiser Differential Regulation of Gonadotropin Subunit Gene Promoter Activity by Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) in Perifused L{beta}T2 Cells: Role of GnRH Receptor Concentration Endocrinology, May 1, 2003; 144(5): 1802 - 1811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Sadie, G. Styger, and J. Hapgood Expression of the Mouse Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene in {alpha}T3-1 Gonadotrope Cells Is Stimulated by Cyclic 3',5'-Adenosine Monophosphate and Protein Kinase A, and Is Modulated by Steroidogenic Factor-1 and Nur77 Endocrinology, May 1, 2003; 144(5): 1958 - 1971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Ellsworth, B. R. White, A. T. Burns, B. D. Cherrington, A. M. Otis, and C. M. Clay c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation of Activator Protein-1 Underlies Homologous Regulation of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene in {alpha}T3-1 Cells Endocrinology, March 1, 2003; 144(3): 839 - 849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. R. Norwitz, S. Xu, J. Xu, L. B. Spiryda, J. S. Park, K.-H. Jeong, E. A. McGee, and U. B. Kaiser Direct Binding of AP-1 (Fos/Jun) Proteins to a SMAD Binding Element Facilitates Both Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)- and Activin-mediated Transcriptional Activation of the Mouse GnRH Receptor Gene J. Biol. Chem., September 27, 2002; 277(40): 37469 - 37478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. V. Vasilyev, M. A. Lawson, D. Dipaolo, N. J. G. Webster, and P. L. Mellon Different Signaling Pathways Control Acute Induction versus Long-Term Repression of LH{beta} Transcription by GnRH Endocrinology, September 1, 2002; 143(9): 3414 - 3426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Norwitz, S. Xu, K.-H. Jeong, G. Y. Bedecarrats, L. D. Winebrenner, W. W. Chin, and U. B. Kaiser Activin A Augments GnRH-Mediated Transcriptional Activation of the Mouse GnRH Receptor Gene Endocrinology, March 1, 2002; 143(3): 985 - 997. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Cheng, C.-K. Cheng, and P. C. K. Leung Differential Role of PR-A and -B Isoforms in Transcription Regulation of Human GnRH Receptor Gene Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2001; 15(12): 2078 - 2092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Maya-Nunez and P. Michael Conn Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP Responsive Element-Binding Protein Are Involved in the Transcriptional Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptor by GnRH and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction Pathway in GGH3 Cells Biol Reprod, August 1, 2001; 65(2): 561 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Cheng, B. K. C. Chow, and P. C. K. Leung Functional Mapping of a Placenta-Specific Upstream Promoter for Human Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Endocrinology, April 1, 2001; 142(4): 1506 - 1516. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Pincas, K. Amoyel, R. Counis, and J.-N. Laverrière Proximal cis-Acting Elements, Including Steroidogenic Factor 1, Mediate the Efficiency of a Distal Enhancer in the Promoter of the Rat Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Mol. Endocrinol., February 1, 2001; 15(2): 319 - 337. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Wolfahrt, B. Kleine, H. Jarry, and W. G. Rossmanith Endogenous regulation of the GnRH receptor by GnRH in the human placenta Mol. Hum. Reprod., January 1, 2001; 7(1): 89 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Cheng, E. S. W. Ngan, S. K. Kang, B. K. C. Chow, and P. C. K. Leung Transcriptional Down-Regulation of Human Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptor Gene by GnRH: Role of Protein Kinase C and Activating Protein 1 Endocrinology, October 1, 2000; 141(10): 3611 - 3622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Cheng, P. S. Nathwani, and P. C. K. Leung Regulation of Human Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Expression in Placental Cells Endocrinology, July 1, 2000; 141(7): 2340 - 2349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L. Duval, A. R. Farris, C. C. Quirk, T. M. Nett, D. L. Hamernik, and C. M. Clay Responsiveness of the Ovine Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene to Estradiol and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Is Not Detectable in Vitro But Is Revealed in Transgenic Mice Endocrinology, March 1, 2000; 141(3): 1001 - 1010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. R. Norwitz, K.-H. Jeong, and W. W. Chin Molecular Mechanisms of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Regulation Reproductive Sciences, July 1, 1999; 6(4): 169 - 178. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Pincas, J.-N. Laverriere, and R. Counis Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-activating Polypeptide and Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Stimulate the Promoter Activity of the Rat Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor Gene via a Bipartite Response Element in Gonadotrope-derived Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 22, 2001; 276(26): 23562 - 23571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| All ASBMB Journals | Molecular and Cellular Proteomics |
| Journal of Lipid Research | ASBMB Today |
