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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 21, 14648-14654, May 21, 1999
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From the Stimulation of phospholipase D (PLD) by membrane
receptors is now recognized as a major signal transduction pathway
involved in diverse cellular functions. Rho proteins control receptor
signaling to PLD, and these GTPases have been shown to directly
stimulate purified recombinant PLD1 enzymes in vitro. Here
we report that stimulation of PLD activity, measured in the presence of
phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, by RhoA in membranes of HEK-293
cells expressing the m3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) is
phosphorylation-dependent. Therefore, the possible involvement
of the RhoA-stimulated serine/threonine kinase, Rho-kinase, was
investigated. Overexpression of Rho-kinase and constitutively active
Rho-kinase (Rho-kinase-CAT) but not of kinase-deficient Rho-kinase-CAT
markedly increased m3 mAChR-mediated but not protein kinase C-mediated
PLD stimulation, similar to overexpression of RhoA. Expression of the
Rho-inactivating C3 transferase abrogated the stimulatory effect of
wild-type Rho-kinase, but not of Rho-kinase-CAT. Recombinant
Rho-kinase-CAT mimicked the phosphorylation-dependent PLD
stimulation by RhoA in HEK-293 cell membranes. Finally, the
Rho-kinase inhibitor HA-1077 largely inhibited RhoA-induced PLD
stimulation in membranes as well as PLD stimulation by the m3 mAChR but
not by protein kinase C in intact HEK-293 cells. We conclude that
Rho-kinase is involved in Rho-dependent PLD stimulation by
the G protein-coupled m3 mAChR in HEK-293 cells. Thus, our findings
identify Rho-kinase as a novel player in the receptor-controlled PLD
signaling pathway.
Institut für Pharmakologie,
Universitätsklinikum Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany and the
¶ Division of Signal Transduction, Nara Institute of Science and
Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-01, Japan
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