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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 23, 16188-16197, June 4, 1999
and
¶
From the Departments of The mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
system consists of five multimeric enzymes (complexes I-V). NADH
dehydrogenase or complex I (CI) is affected in most of the
mitochondrial diseases and in some neurodegenerative disorders. We have
studied the physiological consequences of a partial CI inhibition at
the cellular level. We used a genetic model (40% CI-inhibited
human-ape xenomitochondrial cybrids) and a drug-induced model (0-100%
CI-inhibited cells using different concentrations of rotenone). We
observed a quantitative correlation between the level of CI impairment
and cell respiration, cell growth, free radical production, lipid
peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis. We
showed that cell death was quantitatively associated with free radical
production rather than with a decrease in respiratory chain function.
The results obtained with human xenomitochondrial cybrid cells were
compatible with those observed in rotenone-induced 40% CI-inhibited
cells. At high concentrations (5-6-fold higher than the concentration necessary for 100% CI inhibition), rotenone showed a second toxic effect at the level of microtubule assembly, which also led to apoptosis. The correlation found among all the parameters studied helped clarify the physiological consequences of partial CI inhibitions at the cellular level.
Neurology and ¶ Cell
Biology and Anatomy, University of Miami, School of Medicine,
Miami, Florida 33136
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