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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 25, 17794-17805, June 18, 1999
From the Adaptors appear to control clathrin-coat
assembly by determining the site of lattice polymerization but the
nucleating events that target soluble adaptors to an appropriate
membrane are poorly understood. Using an in vitro model
system that allows AP-2-containing clathrin coats to assemble on
lysosomes, we show that adaptor recruitment and coat initiation
requires phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
(PtdIns(4,5)P2) synthesis. PtdIns(4,5)P2 is
generated on lysosomes by the sequential action of a
lysosome-associated type II phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase and a soluble
type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase. Phosphatidic acid,
which potently stimulates type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate
5-kinase activity, is generated on the bilayer by a phospholipase
D1-like enzyme located on the lysosomal surface. Quenching phosphatidic
acid function with primary alcohols prevents the synthesis of
PtdIns(4,5)P2 and blocks coat assembly. Generating
phosphatidic acid directly on lysosomes with exogenous bacterial
phospholipase D in the absence of ATP still drives adaptor recruitment
and limited coat assembly, indicating that PtdIns(4,5)P2
functions, at least in part, to activate the
PtdIns(4,5)P2-dependent phospholipase D1. These
results provide the first direct evidence for the involvement of
anionic phospholipids in clathrin-coat assembly on membranes and define the enzymes responsible for the production of these important lipid mediators.
Coupled Inositide Phosphorylation and Phospholipase D Activation
Initiates Clathrin-coat Assembly on Lysosomes
,
Department of Internal Medicine, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 and the
§ Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin
Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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