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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 26, 18559-18566, June 25, 1999
From the St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and the
Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, 41 Victoria
Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia, the ¶ Cancer Research
Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's
Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales
2010, Australia, and Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is
expressed by a wide variety of cells and is considered to act as a
secreted factor; however, evidence is accumulating for it to act in an intracrine manner. We have determined that PTHrP localizes to the
nucleus at the G1 phase of the cell cycle and is
transported to the cytoplasm when cells divide. PTHrP contains a
putative nuclear localization sequence (NLS) (residues 61-94) similar
to that of SV40 T-antigen, which may be implicated in the nuclear import of the molecule. We identified that Thr85
immediately prior to the NLS of PTHrP was phosphorylated by CDC2-CDK2 and phosphorylation was cell cycle-dependent. Mutation of
Thr85 to Ala85 resulted in nuclear accumulation
of PTHrP, while mutation to Glu85 to mimic a phosphorylated
residue resulted in localization of PTHrP to the cytoplasm. Combined,
the data demonstrate that the intracellular localization of PTHrP is
phosphorylation- and cell cycle-dependent, and such control
further supports a potential intracellular role (10, 34, 35) for
PTHrP.
Phosphorylation at the Cyclin-dependent Kinases Site
(Thr85) of Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein Negatively
Regulates Its Nuclear Localization
,
,
The Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute,
St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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