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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 26, 18759-18768, June 25, 1999
From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of
North Carolina School of Medicine,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7260
Human excision nuclease removes DNA damage by
concerted dual incisions bracketing the lesion. The dual incisions are
accomplished by sequential and partly overlapping actions of six repair
factors, RPA, XPA, XPC, TFIIH, XPG, and XPF·ERCC1. Of these, RPA,
XPA, and XPC have specific binding affinity for damaged DNA. To learn about the role of these three proteins in damage recognition and the
order of assembly of the excision nuclease, we measured the binding
affinities of XPA, RPA, and XPC to a DNA fragment containing a single
(6-4) photoproduct and determined the rate of damage excision under a
variety of reaction conditions. We found that XPC has the highest
affinity to DNA and that RPA has the highest selectivity for damaged
DNA. Under experimental conditions conducive to binding of either XPA + RPA or XPC to damaged DNA, the rate of damage removal was about 5-fold
faster for reactions in which XPA + RPA was the first damage
recognition factor presented to DNA compared with reactions in which
XPC was the first protein that had the opportunity to bind to DNA. We
conclude that RPA and XPA are the initial damage sensing factors of
human excision nuclease.
Order of Assembly of Human DNA Repair Excision Nuclease
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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