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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 28, 20011-20016, July 9, 1999
From the Institute of Biotechnology, Technical University of
Berlin, Seestrasse 13, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
Phosphatidylcholine is a major lipid of
eukaryotic membranes, but found in only few prokaryotes. Enzymatic
methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine by phospholipid
N-methyltransferase was thought to be the only biosynthetic
pathway to yield phosphatidylcholine in bacteria. However, mutants of
the microsymbiotic soil bacterium Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium)
meliloti, defective in phospholipid N-methyltransferase, form phosphatidylcholine in wild type
amounts when choline is provided in the growth medium. Here we describe a second bacterial pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis involving the novel enzymatic activity, phosphatidylcholine synthase, that forms phosphatidylcholine directly from choline and
CDP-diacylglycerol in cell-free extracts of S. meliloti. We
further demonstrate that roots of host plants of S. meliloti exude choline and that the amounts of exuded choline are
sufficient to allow for maximal phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in
S. meliloti via the novel pathway.
Plant-exuded Choline Is Used for Rhizobial Membrane Lipid
Biosynthesis by Phosphatidylcholine Synthase
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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