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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 29, 20545-20549, July 16, 1999
From the Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology,
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, the § Department of
Biology, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel, and the
¶ Departments of Pharmacology and Cell Biology and ** Center for
Biological Imaging and Department of Cell Biology, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) is a key
regulator of transport in the secretory system. Like all small
GTPases, deactivation of ARF1 requires a GTPase-activating
protein (GAP) that promotes hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on ARF1.
Structure-function analysis of a GAP for ARF1 revealed that its
activity in vivo requires not only a domain that catalyzes
hydrolysis of GTP on ARF1 but also a non-catalytic domain. In this
study, we show that the non-catalytic domain of GAP is required for its
recruitment from cytosol to membranes and that this domain mediates the
interaction of GAP with the transmembrane KDEL receptor. Blocking its
interaction with the KDEL receptor leaves the GAP cytosolic and
prevents the deactivation in vivo of Golgi-localized ARF1.
Thus, these findings suggest that the KDEL receptor plays a critical
role in the function of GAP by regulating its recruitment from cytosol
to membranes, where it can then act on its membrane-restricted target,
the GTP-bound form of ARF1.
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