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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 3, 1745-1752, January 15, 1999
From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, University
of Barcelona, Avenida Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain and the
§ Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
The metabolic pathways specified by the
glc and ace operons in Escherichia
coli yield glyoxylate as a common intermediate, which is acted on
by two malate synthase isoenzymes: one encoded by glcB and
the other by aceB. Null mutations in either gene exhibit no
phenotype, because of cross-induction of the ace operon by glycolate and the glc operon by acetate. In this study, the
regulation of the glc operon, comprising the structural
genes glcDEFGB, was analyzed at the molecular level. This
operon, activated by growth on glycolate, is transcribed as a single
message and is under the positive control of GlcC encoded by a
divergent gene. Expression of the glc operon is strongly
dependent on the integration host factor (IHF) and is repressed by the
global respiratory regulator ArcA-P. In vitro gel-shift
experiments demonstrated direct binding of the promoter DNA to IHF and
ArcA-P. Mutant analysis indicated that cross-induction of the
glc operon by acetate is mediated by the GlcC protein that
recognizes the compound as an alternative effector. The similar pattern
of regulation of the Glc and Ace systems by IHF and ArcA-P ensures
their effective cross-induction.
Cross-induction of glc and ace Operons of
Escherichia coli Attributable to Pathway Intersection
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE glc PROMOTER
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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