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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 34, 23969-23976, August 20, 1999
From the Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of
Patras, Patras 261 10, Greece
Many of the cellular actions of thrombin may
contribute to the angiogenesis-promoting effect of thrombin reported
previously. In this study, we investigated the interaction between
thrombin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the specific
endothelial cell mitogen and key angiogenic factor. Exposure of human
umbilical vein endothelial cells to thrombin sensitizes these cells to
the mitogenic activity of VEGF. This thrombin-mediated effect is
specific, dose-dependent and requires the activated
thrombin receptor. Quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain
reaction analysis reveals a time- and dose-dependent
up-regulation of mRNA for VEGF receptors (KDR and flt-1). Optimal
thrombin concentration for maximal expression of mRNA for KDR is
1.5 IU/ml (170% over controls) and appears 8-12 h after thrombin
stimulation. Nuclear run-on experiments demonstrate that the
up-regulation of KDR mRNA by thrombin occurred at the
transcriptional level. In addition, functional protein of KDR receptor
is increased to about 200% over control after 12 h of thrombin
treatment. The up-regulation of KDR and flt-1 mRNA is also mimicked
by the thrombin receptor activating peptide. These findings could
explain at least in part the potent angiogenic action of thrombin.
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