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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 35, 25121-25129, August 27, 1999
From the Secretory Physiology Section, Gene Therapy and
Therapeutics Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
[Ca2+]i and membrane
current were measured in human submandibular gland ductal (HSG) cells
to determine the regulation of salivary cell function by ATP. 1-10
µM ATP activated internal Ca2+ release,
outward Ca2+-dependent K+ channel
(KCa), and inward store-operated Ca2+ current
(ISOC). The subsequent addition of 100 µM ATP activated an inwardly rectifying K+
current, without increasing [Ca2+]i. The
K+ current was also stimulated by ATP in cells treated with
thapsigargin in a Ca2+-free medium and was blocked by
glibenclamide and tolbutamide, but not by charybdotoxin. This suggests
the involvement of a Ca2+-independent,
sulfonylurea-sensitive K+ channel (KATP). UTP
mimicked the low [ATP] effects, while benzoyl-ATP activated internal
Ca2+ release, a Ca2+ influx pathway, and
KCa. Thus, ATP acts via P2U (P2Y2)
and P2Z (P2X7) receptors to increase
[Ca2+]i and activate KCa, but not
KATP. Importantly, (i) ROMK1 and the cystic fibrosis
transmembrane regulator protein (but not SUR1, SUR2A, or SUR2B) and
(ii) cAMP-stimulated Cl
and K+ currents were
detected in HSG cells. These data demonstrate for the first time that a
ROMK-type KATP channel is present in salivary gland duct
cells that is regulated by extracellular ATP and possibly by the cystic
fibrosis transmembrane regulator. This reveals a potentially novel
mechanism for K+ secretion in these cells.
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