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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 36, 25193-25196, September 3, 1999
,
a
Campos¶,
,
,
,
From the Hexagonal phase
(HII)-preferring lipids such as phosphatidate,
cardiolipin, and phosphatidylserine form nonbilayer molecular arrangements in lipid bilayers. While their presence in biological membranes has not been established, in vitro studies
suggest that alterations in membrane properties modify their function.
In this study, antiphospholipid monoclonal antibodies were
developed against nonbilayer structures. One of the monoclonal
antibodies identifies nonplanar surfaces in liposomes and in membranes
of cultured cells. These results are the first evidence that natural
membranes maintain a fragile balance between bilayer and nonbilayer
lipid arrangements. Therefore, these antibodies can be used to evaluate
the role of HII-preferring lipids in the modulation of
membrane activities. Our studies demonstrated that nonplanar surfaces
are highly immunogenic. Although these structures are normally
transient, their formation can be stabilized by temperature variations,
drugs, antibiotics, apolar peptides, and divalent cations. Our studies
demonstrated that abnormal exposure of nonbilayer arrangements may
induce autoimmune responses as found in the antiphospholipid syndrome.
Department of Biochemistry, National School
of Biological Science, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado
Postal 4-897, Admon. 4, México City 06401, México, the
§ Department of Genetic and Molecular Biology and the
Department of Chemistry, Center for Research and Advanced
Studies, México City 07000, México, and the
¶ Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of
Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
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