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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 36, 25455-25460, September 3, 1999
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From the Cancer Research Campaign, The oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte progenitor
cells (precursors of oligodendrocytes and type-2 astrocytes) are an
excellent system in which to study differentiation as they can be
manipulated in vitro. Maintenance of oligodendrocyte-type-2
astrocyte progenitor cells requires basic fibroblast growth factor, a
growth factor whose action normally depends on a heparan sulfate
coreceptor. Biochemical analysis revealed a most surprising result:
that the oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte progenitors did not
synthesize heparan sulfate, the near ubiquitous N-sulfated
cell surface polysaccharide, but the chemically related heparin in a
form that was almost completely N- and
O-sulfated. The heparin was detected in the pericellular fraction of the cells and the culture medium. In contrast the differentiated glial subpopulations (oligodendrocytes and type-2 astrocytes) synthesized typical heparan sulfate but with distinctive fine structural features for each cell type. Thus heparin is a unique
differentiation marker in the glial lineage. Previously heparin has
been found only in a subset of mature mast cells called the connective
tissue mast cells. Its presence within the developing nervous system on
a precise population of progenitors may confer specific and essential
recognition properties on those cells in relation to binding soluble
growth and/or differentiation factors and the extracellular matrix.
Drug Development
and Imaging Section, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah
Medical School, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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