JBC Invitrogen Ultrasensitive Cytokine Assays

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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 38, 26815-26821, September 17, 1999

A Rho Exchange Factor Mediates Thrombin and Galpha 12-induced Cytoskeletal Responses

Mousumi MajumdarDagger , Tammy M. SeasholtzDagger , Carolan BuckmasterDagger , Deniz Toksoz§, and Joan Heller BrownDagger

From the Dagger  Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0636 and the § Department of Physiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111

Thrombin induces astrocytoma cell rounding through a Rho-dependent pathway (Majumdar, M., Seasholtz, T. M., Goldstein, D., de Lanerolle, P., and Brown, J. H. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 10099-10106). The involvement of the G12 family of G proteins and the role of specific Rho exchange factors in transducing signals from the thrombin receptor to Rho-dependent cytoskeletal responses was examined. Microinjection of cDNAs for activated Galpha 12 or Galpha 13 induced cell rounding, and antibodies to Galpha 12 or Galpha 13 blocked the response to thrombin. In contrast, activation or inhibition of Galpha q function had relatively little effect. The cytoskeletal response to Galpha 12 was inhibited by microinjection of C3 exoenzyme, indicating Rho dependence. Two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), oncogenic lbc and p115, increased the percentage of rounded cells 4-5-fold, and this was inhibited by C3. Mutant GEFs lacking the Dbl homology (DH) domain required for exchange factor activity failed to induce cell rounding. However, the DH mutants of lbc and p115 were efficacious inhibitors of rounding induced by thrombin or Galpha 12. The effects of lbc were dependent on an intact pleckstrin homology domain, which may be required for appropriate targeting of the Rho-GEF. These findings identify the Galpha 12 protein family as transducers of thrombin signaling to the cytoskeleton and provide the first evidence that a Rho-GEF transduces signals between G protein-coupled receptors and Rho-mediated cytoskeletal responses.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.



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