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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 38, 26815-26821, September 17, 1999
12-induced Cytoskeletal Responses
,
,
,
From the Thrombin induces astrocytoma cell rounding
through a Rho-dependent pathway (Majumdar, M., Seasholtz,
T. M., Goldstein, D., de Lanerolle, P., and Brown, J. H. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 10099-10106). The
involvement of the G12 family of G proteins and the role of
specific Rho exchange factors in transducing signals from the thrombin
receptor to Rho-dependent cytoskeletal responses was
examined. Microinjection of cDNAs for activated G
Department of Pharmacology, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0636 and the
§ Department of Physiology, Tufts University,
Boston, Massachusetts 02111
12
or G
13 induced cell rounding, and antibodies to
G
12 or G
13 blocked the response to
thrombin. In contrast, activation or inhibition of G
q
function had relatively little effect. The cytoskeletal response to
G
12 was inhibited by microinjection of C3 exoenzyme, indicating Rho dependence. Two Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange
factors (GEFs), oncogenic lbc and p115, increased the percentage of
rounded cells 4-5-fold, and this was inhibited by C3. Mutant GEFs
lacking the Dbl homology (DH) domain required for exchange factor
activity failed to induce cell rounding. However, the DH mutants of lbc
and p115 were efficacious inhibitors of rounding induced by thrombin or
G
12. The effects of lbc were dependent on an intact
pleckstrin homology domain, which may be required for appropriate
targeting of the Rho-GEF. These findings identify the
G
12 protein family as transducers of thrombin signaling to the cytoskeleton and provide the first evidence that a Rho-GEF transduces signals between G protein-coupled receptors and Rho-mediated cytoskeletal responses.
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