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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 45, 32079-32084, November 5, 1999
T Cells
,,,,
From the Most human blood INSERM U395,
T cells react without
major histocompatibility complex restriction to small phosphorylated
nonpeptide antigens (phosphoantigens) that are abundantly produced by
mycobacteria and several other microbial pathogens. Although
isopentenyl pyrophosphate has been identified as a mycobacterial
antigen for T cells, the structure of several other stimulating
compounds with bioactivities around 1000-fold higher than isopentenyl
pyrophosphate remains to be elucidated. This paper describes the
structural identification of 3-formyl-1-butyl-pyrophosphate as the core
of several non-prenyl mycobacterial phosphoantigens bioactive at the
nM range. Recognition of this molecule by T
cells is very selective and relies on its aldehyde and pyrophosphate
groups. This novel pyrophosphorylated aldehyde most probably
corresponds to a metabolic intermediate of the non-mevalonate pathway
of prenyl phosphate biosynthesis in eubacteria and algae. The
reactivity to 3-formyl-1-butyl-pyrophosphate supports the view that
human T cells are physiologically devoted to antimicrobial surveillance.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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