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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 48, 34203-34211, November 26, 1999
From the Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi and Co., Ltd.,
Sagisu 5-12-4, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan
Group X secretory phospholipase
A2 (sPLA2-X) possesses several structural
features characteristic of both group IB and IIA sPLA2s
(sPLA2-IB and -IIA) and is postulated to be involved in inflammatory responses owing to its restricted expression in the spleen
and thymus. Here, we report the purification of human recombinant COOH-terminal His-tagged sPLA2-X, the preparation of its
antibody, and the purification of native sPLA2-X. The
affinity-purified sPLA2-X protein migrated as various
molecular species of 13-18 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gels, and
N-glycosidase F treatment caused shifts to the 13- and
14-kDa bands. NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing analysis
revealed that the 13-kDa form is a putative mature sPLA2-X
and the 14-kDa protein possesses a propeptide of 11 amino acid residues
attached at the NH2 termini of the mature protein.
Separation with reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography
revealed that N-linked carbohydrates are not required for
the enzymatic activity and pro-sPLA2-X has a relatively
weak potency compared with the mature protein. The mature
sPLA2-X induced the release of arachidonic acid from
phosphatidylcholine more efficiently than other human sPLA2
groups (IB, IIA, IID, and V) and elicited a prompt and marked release
of arachidonic acid from human monocytic THP-1 cells compared
with sPLA2-IB and -IIA with concomitant production of
prostaglandin E2. A prominent release of arachidonic acid
was also observed in sPLA2-X-treated human U937 and HL60
cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of human lung preparations revealed
its expression in alveolar epithelial cells. These results indicate
that human sPLA2-X is a unique N-glycosylated sPLA2 that releases arachidonic acid from human myeloid
leukemia cells more efficiently than sPLA2-IB and -IIA.
Purified Group X Secretory Phospholipase A2 Induced
Prominent Release of Arachidonic Acid from Human Myeloid Leukemia
Cells
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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