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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 49, 34543-34546, December 3, 1999

COMMUNICATION
Roles of Superoxide Radical Anion in Signal Transduction Mediated by Reversible Regulation of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase 1B

William C. BarrettDagger , Jon P. DeGnore§, Yen-Fang Keng, Zhong-Yin Zhang, Moon B. YimDagger , and P. Boon ChockDagger

From the Dagger  Laboratory of Biochemistry and the § Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and the  Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461

Growth factors induce intracellular production of reactive oxygen species in non-phagocytic cells and elevation of their phosphorylated protein tyrosine level. The latter can be achieved by activating protein-tyrosine kinases and/or inactivating protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). A highly abundant PTP, PTP-1B, is known to be inactivated by oxidation of its catalytic site Cys-215. We show that Obardot 2 is kinetically more efficient and chemically more specific oxidant than H2O2 for inactivating PTP-1B. The second-order rate constant for the Obardot 2- and H2O2-mediated inactivation is 334 ± 45 M-1 s-1 and 42.8 ± 3.8 M-1 s-1, respectively. PTP-1B oxidized by H2O2 exhibits significantly more oxidized methionine residues and shows a lower degree of reversibility. The initial oxidative product, the Cys-215 sulfenic derivative, can easily be oxidized further to its irreversible sulfinic and sulfonic derivatives. This step is prevented by glutathionylation of the sulfenic derivative to form a S-glutathionylated PTP-1B, which can be reactivated by dithiothreitol or thioltransferase. Thus, a signal transduction mechanism mediated by the Obardot 2 and the participation of glutathione is proposed for the regulation of PTP-1B. This mechanism is supported by the in vivo demonstration that glutathionylated PTP-1B at Cys-215 is formed in A431 cells when they were treated with epidermal growth factor.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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