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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 5, 2858-2865, January 29, 1999
From the Department of Molecular Biology and the Research Center
for Cell Differentiation, Seoul National University,
Seoul 151-742, Korea
The hepatitis B viral X protein (HBx) is known to
exert its transactivation activity by the interaction with several
cellular transcription factors. Here we report the interaction of HBx
and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein
Interaction of Hepatitis B Viral X Protein and
CCAAT/ Enhancer-binding Protein
Synergistically Activates
the Hepatitis B Viral Enhancer II/Pregenomic Promoter
(C/EBP) and their effects on the enhancer/promoters of hepatitis B virus (HBV). A chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay showed that the cotransfection of HBx and
C/EBP strongly activated the enhancer II/pregenomic promoter of HBV
in a synergistic manner. This effect was also observed in the
heterologous expression system with promoters of SV40 and herpes
simplex virus thymidine kinase genes. Serial deletion analysis of the
enhancer II/pregenomic promoter identified the responsible region
(nucleotides 1639-1679), in which two C/EBP-binding sites are located.
An in vitro interaction assay and electrophoretic mobility
shift assay showed that HBx augmented the DNA binding activity of
C/EBP by direct interaction with it, and its basic leucine zipper
domain was responsible for the interaction with HBx. Domain analysis of
HBx showed that the central region (amino acids 78-103) was necessary
for direct interaction with C/EBP. However, the complete form of HBx
was necessary for the synergistic activation of the HBV pregenomic
promoter. These results suggest that the interaction of HBx and
C/EBP enhances the transcription of the HBV pregenomic promoter for
the effective life cycle of HBV in hepatocytes.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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