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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 50, 35639-35646, December 10, 1999

Anatomy of a Homeoprotein Revealed by the Analysis of Human MODY3 Mutations*

Martine VaxillaireDagger §, Amar Abderrahmani§, Philippe Boutin§, Bernard Bailleul§, Philippe Froguel§, Moshe YanivDagger ||, and Marco PontoglioDagger

From the Dagger  Unité des Virus Oncogènes, Unité de Recherche Associée 1644, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Département des Biotechnologies, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France and § Institut de Biologie de Lille, Unité Propre de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur A 8090, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille, France

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha (HNF1alpha ) is an atypical dimeric homeodomain-containing protein that is expressed in liver, intestine, stomach, kidney, and pancreas. Mutations in the HNF1alpha gene are associated with an autosomal dominant form of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus called maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY3). More than 80 different mutations have been identified so far, many of which involve highly conserved amino acid residues among vertebrate HNF1alpha . In the present work, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which MODY3 mutations could affect HNF1alpha function. For this purpose, we analyzed the properties of 10 mutants resulting in amino acid substitutions or protein truncation. Some mutants have a reduced protein stability, whereas others are either defective in the DNA binding or impaired in their intrinsic trans-activation potential. Three mutants, characterized by a complete loss of trans-activation, behave as dominant negatives when transfected with the wild-type protein. These data define a clear causative relationship between MODY3 mutations and functional defects in HNF1alpha trans-activation. In addition, our analysis sheds new light on the structure of a homeoprotein playing a key role in pancreatic beta  cell function.


* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Present address: Institut de Biologie de Lille, Unité Propre de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur A 8090, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille, France.

|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Unité des Virus Oncogènes, Unité de Recherche Associée 1644, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Département des Biotechnologies, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Tel.: 33-1-45-68-85-12; Fax: 33-1-40-61-30-33; E-mail: yaniv@pasteur.fr.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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