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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 51, 36073-36082, December 17, 1999

Sec-independent Protein Translocation in Escherichia coli
A DISTINCT AND PIVOTAL ROLE FOR THE TatB PROTEIN^*

Frank Sargent^§, Nicola R. Stanley^§¶, Ben C. Berks, and Tracy Palmer^§

From the  Centre for Metalloprotein Spectroscopy and Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom and the ^§ Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom

In Escherichia coli, transmembrane translocation of proteins can proceed by a number of routes. A subset of periplasmic proteins are exported via the Tat pathway to which proteins are directed by N-terminal "transfer peptides" bearing the consensus (S/T)RRXFLK "twin-arginine" motif. The Tat system involves the integral membrane proteins TatA, TatB, TatC, and TatE. Of these, TatA, TatB, and TatE are homologues of the Hcf106 component of the pH-dependent protein import system of plant thylakoids. Deletion of the tatB gene alone is sufficient to block the export of seven endogenous Tat substrates, including hydrogenase-2. Complementation analysis indicates that while TatA and TatE are functionally interchangeable, the TatB protein is functionally distinct. This conclusion is supported by the observation that Helicobacter pylori tatA will complement an E. coli tatA mutant, but not a tatB mutant. Analysis of Tat component stability in various tat deletion backgrounds shows that TatC is rapidly degraded in the absence of TatB suggesting that TatC complexes, and is stabilized by, TatB.

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^* This research was supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (to T. P.) and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Grants B04897 and 88/P09634.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

^¶ Recipient of Norwich Research Park Studentship.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. Tel.: 44-1603-456-900 (ext. 2726); Fax: 44-1603-454-970; E-mail: tracy.palmer@bbsrc.ac.uk.

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Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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