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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 51, 36300-36304, December 17, 1999

The Fatty Acid Transport Protein (FATP1) Is a Very Long Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase*

Natalie Ribarik CoeDagger §, Anne Johnston SmithDagger , Brigitte I. FrohnertDagger , Paul A. Watkins, and David A. BernlohrDagger ||

From the Dagger  Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 and the  Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

The primary sequence of the murine fatty acid transport protein (FATP1) is very similar to the multigene family of very long chain (C20-C26) acyl-CoA synthetases. To determine if FATP1 is a long chain acyl coenzyme A synthetase, FATP1-Myc/His fusion protein was expressed in COS1 cells, and its enzymatic activity was analyzed. In addition, mutations were generated in two domains conserved in acyl-CoA synthetases: a 6- amino acid substitution into the putative active site (amino acids 249-254) generating mutant M1 and a 59-amino acid deletion into a conserved C-terminal domain (amino acids 464-523) generating mutant M2. Immunolocalization revealed that the FATP1-Myc/His forms were distributed between the COS1 cell plasma membrane and intracellular membranes. COS1 cells expressing wild type FATP1-Myc/His exhibited a 3-fold increase in the ratio of lignoceroyl-CoA synthetase activity (C24:0) to palmitoyl-CoA synthetase activity (C16:0), characteristic of very long chain acyl-CoA synthetases, whereas both mutant M1 and M2 were catalytically inactive. Detergent-solubilized FATP1-Myc/His was partially purified using nickel-based affinity chromatography and demonstrated a 10-fold increase in very long chain acyl-CoA specific activity (C24:0/C16:0). These results indicate that FATP1 is a very long chain acyl-CoA synthetase and suggest that a potential mechanism for facilitating mammalian fatty acid uptake is via esterification coupled influx.


* This work supported by National Institutes of Health Grants DK49807 (to D. A. B.) and HD10981 (to P. W).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

§ A recipient of a University of Minnesota Graduate School Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship.

|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108. Tel.: 612-624-2712; Fax: 612-625-5780; E-mail: david-b@biosci.cbs.umn.edu.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.



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