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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 52, 37499-37505, December 24, 1999

Activation of PKC delta  in the Rat Corpus Luteum during Pregnancy
POTENTIAL ROLE OF PROLACTIN SIGNALING*

Carl A. Peters, Evelyn T. Maizels, and Mary Hunzicker-DunnDagger

From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611

Maintenance of pregnancy in the rat requires the corpus luteum. At a time when rat placental lactogens (rPLs) are required to support progesterone production by the corpus luteum and when relaxin expression is initiated, expression of a specific protein kinase C (PKC) isoform, PKC delta , is dramatically increased. We therefore assessed whether prolactin (PRL) receptor activation promotes activation of PKC delta  in a luteinized granulosa cell model. We also assessed the activation status of PKC delta  in corpora lutea obtained when the corpus luteum is exposed to chronically high concentrations of rPLs. The activity of PKC delta  was assessed by two means: an immune complex (IC) assay and Western blotting with a phospho-epitope-specific antibody that detects PKC delta  phosphorylated on serine 662. PKC delta  activation in the IC kinase assay was determined by the ability of immunoprecipitated PKC delta  to phosphorylate the PKC delta -preferential substrate small heat shock protein (HSP-27). Treatment of luteinized rat granulosa cells with phorbol myristate acetate, a known activator of PKC, promoted a 7-fold increase in HSP-27 phosphorylation by PKC delta . Similarly, immunoreactivity with the phospho-epitope-specific PKC delta  antibody was increased in extracts prepared from luteinized granulosa cells treated with phorbol myristate acetate or following in vitro activation of recombinant PKC delta . Using these assays, we assessed whether PRL receptor agonists were capable of activating PKC delta  in luteinized granulosa cells. PRL receptor agonists induced translocation PKC delta  from the cytosolic to the Triton-soluble membrane fraction and increased PKC delta  activity assessed by both IC kinase assay and Western blotting with phospho-epitope-specific PKC delta  antibody. Analysis of PKC delta  activity in corpora lutea obtained during pregnancy by both the IC kinase assay and Western blotting with the phospho-epitope-specific PKC delta  antibody revealed that PKC delta  activity was increased throughout the second half of pregnancy. These results demonstrate that PRL receptor activation promotes the acute activation of PKC delta  in luteinized rat granulosa cells. At a time when the rat is exposed to chronically high concentrations of rPLs, PKC delta  is increasingly expressed and active.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant P01 HD 21921 (to M. H.-D.) and the Training Program in Reproductive Biology (T32 HD 07068).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611. Tel: 312-503-8940; Fax: 312-503-0566; E-mail: mhd@nwu.edu.


Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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