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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 53, 37862-37868, December 31, 1999
X-ray Crystal Structure of Human Dopamine Sulfotransferase,
SULT1A3
MOLECULAR MODELING AND QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY
RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS DEMONSTRATE A MOLECULAR BASIS FOR
SULFOTRANSFERASE SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY*
Rana
Dajani ,
Anne
Cleasby§,
Margarete
Neu§,
Alan J.
Wonacott§,
Harren
Jhoti§,
Alan M.
Hood,
Sandeep
Modi¶,
Anne
Hersey¶,
Jyrki
Taskinen ,
Robert M.
Cooke§,
Gary R.
Manchee¶, and
Michael W. H.
Coughtrie**
From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University
of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY,
United Kingdom, the § Protein Science Unit, Glaxo Wellcome
Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY,
United Kingdom, ¶ Research Biomet, Glaxo Wellcome Research and
Development, Park Road, Ware SG12 0DP, United Kingdom, and the
Department of Pharmacy, Viikki Biocenter, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Humans are one of the few species that produce
large amounts of catecholamine sulfates, and they have evolved a
specific sulfotransferase, SULT1A3 (M-PST), to catalyze the formation
of these conjugates. An orthologous protein has yet to be found in
other species. To further our understanding of the molecular basis for
the unique substrate selectivity of this enzyme, we have solved the
crystal structure of human SULT1A3, complexed with 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP), at 2.5 Å resolution and carried out quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis with a series of
phenols and catechols. SULT1A3 adopts a similar fold to mouse estrogen
sulfotransferase, with a central five-stranded -sheet surrounded by
-helices. SULT1A3 is a dimer in solution but crystallized with a
monomer in the asymmetric unit of the cell, although dimer interfaces
were formed by interaction across crystallographic 2-fold axes. QSAR
analysis revealed that the enzyme is highly selective for catechols,
and catecholamines in particular, and that hydrogen bonding groups and
lipophilicity (cLogD) strongly influenced Km. We
also investigated further the role of Glu146 in SULT1A3
using site-directed mutagenesis and showed that it plays a key role not
only in defining selectivity for dopamine but also in preventing many
phenolic xenobiotics from binding to the enzyme.
*
This work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological
Sciences Research Council (to M. W. H. C.) and in part by Commission of the European Communities Grant BMH4-CT97-2621 (to M. W. H. C. and
J. T.) and by an equipment grant from the Wellcome Trust (to
M. W. H. C.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Present address: Structural Biology Division, Institute of Cancer
Research, Fulham Rd., Chelsea, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom.
**
To whom correspondence should be addressed.: Dept. of Molecular and
Cellular Pathology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and
Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, United Kingdom. Tel.: 44-1382-632510; Fax: 44-1382-640320; E-mail: m.w.h.coughtrie@dundee.ac.uk.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 1999 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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