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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 6, 3744-3752, February 5, 1999
From the Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase) from chicken
gizzard smooth muscle was purified to apparent homogeneity (160 kDa on
SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and identified as the ROK
Rho-associated Kinase of Chicken Gizzard Smooth Muscle
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
First Department of Internal Medicine, Mie
University School of Medicine, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan, the
¶ Division of Signal Transduction, Nara Institute of Science and
Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan, the
Central Laboratories for
Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd., Yokohama 326, Japan, and the
** Muscle Biology Group, Shantz Building, University of Arizona,
Tucson, Arizona 85721
isoform. Several substrates were phosphorylated. Rates with myosin
phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), myosin, and the 20-kDa myosin
light chain were higher than other substrates. Thiophosphorylation of MYPT1 inhibited myosin phosphatase activity. Phosphorylation of myosin
at serine 19 increased actin-activated Mg+-ATPase
activity, i.e. similar to myosin light chain kinase. Myosin phosphorylation was increased at higher ionic strengths, possibly by
formation of 6 S myosin. Phosphorylation of the isolated light chain
and myosin phosphatase was decreased by increasing ionic strength.
Rho-kinase was stimulated 1.5-2-fold by guanosine
5'-O-3-(thio)triphosphate·RhoA, whereas limited tryptic
hydrolysis caused a 5-6-fold activation, independent of RhoA. Several
kinase inhibitors were screened and most effective were Y-27632,
staurosporine, and H-89. Several lipids caused slight activation of
Rho-kinase, but arachidonic acid (30-50 µM) induced a
5-6-fold activation, independent of RhoA. These results suggest that
Rho-kinase of smooth muscle may be involved in the contractile process
via phosphorylation of MYPT1 and myosin. Activation by arachidonic acid
presents a possible regulatory mechanism for Rho-kinase.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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