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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 6, 3887-3896, February 5, 1999
From the Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Pulmonary
Pathobiology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
The transglutaminase I (TGase I) gene encodes an
enzyme that catalyzes the cross-linking of structural proteins involved
in the formation of the cornified envelope during squamous cell
differentiation. To identify DNA elements important for the
transcriptional control of the TGase I gene, we analyzed the ability of
a 2.9-kilobase pair (kb) upstream regulatory region to control the
expression of a reporter gene in vivo and in
vitro. Transgenic mice bearing the pTG(
Regulation of the Transglutaminase I Gene
IDENTIFICATION OF DNA ELEMENTS INVOLVED IN ITS TRANSCRIPTIONAL
CONTROL IN TRACHEOBRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS
2.9kb)CAT construct
exhibited the same pattern of tissue-specific expression of CAT as
reported for TGase I. Deletion analysis in transiently transfected
rabbit tracheal epithelial cells indicated that two sequences from bp
490 to
470 and from
54 to
37 are involved in the activation of
TGase I transcription. Point mutation analysis and mobility shift
assays showed that the sequence located between
54 and
37 is a
functional Sp1-like transcription element. Sp1 and Sp3, but not Sp2,
are part of nuclear protein complexes from differentiated RbTE cells
binding to this site. The element TGATGTCA between bp
490 and
470
is contained in a larger 22-bp palindrome and resembles the consensus
cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/AP-1 element recognized by
dimeric complexes of members of the CREB, ATF, Fos, and Jun families.
Mutations in this sequence greatly reduced promoter activity.
Supershift analysis identified CREB1, JunB, c-Fos, Fra-1, and c-Jun in
protein complexes isolated from differentiated rabbit tracheal
epithelial cells binding to this site. Our study shows that the Sp1-
and CREB/AP-1-like sites act in concert to stimulate transcription of
the TGase I gene. The 2.9-kb promoter region could guide expression of
specific genes in the granular layer of the epidermis and could be
useful in gene therapy.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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