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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 1, 521-529, January 7, 2000
From the School of Biological Sciences, 2.205 Stopford Building,
University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
The translocation of secretory polypeptides into
and across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) occurs at the
translocon, a pore-forming structure that orchestrates the transport
and maturation of polypeptides at the ER membrane. Recent data also
suggest that misfolded or unassembled polypeptides exit the ER via the
translocon for degradation by the cytosolic ubiquitin/proteasome
pathway. Sec61p is a highly conserved multispanning membrane protein
that constitutes a core component of the translocon. We have found that
the essential function of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Sec61p is retained upon deletion of either of two internal regions that include transmembrane domains 2 and 3, respectively. However, a
deletion mutation encompassing both of these domains was found to be
nonfunctional. Characterization of yeast mutants expressing the viable
deletion alleles of Sec61p has revealed defects in post-translational
translocation. In addition, the transmembrane domain 3 deletion mutant
is induced for the unfolded protein response and is defective in the
dislocation of a misfolded ER protein. These data demonstrate that the
various activities of Sec61p can be functionally dissected. In
particular, the transmembrane domain 2 region plays a role in
post-translational translocation that is required neither for
cotranslational translocation nor for protein dislocation.
Distinct Domains within Yeast Sec61p Involved in
Post-translational Translocation and Protein Dislocation*
*
This work was supported by funds from the Wellcome Trust (to
B. M. W. and J. R. T.), the Biotechnology and
Biological Sciences Research Council (P. J. R.), and the
Lister Institute for Preventive Medicine (to C. J. S.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 161-275-5104;
Fax: 161-275-5082; E-mail: colin.stirling@man.ac.uk.
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