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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 11, 7818-7825, March 17, 2000
From the We have found that lethal toxin from
Clostridium sordellii, which specifically inactivates the
low molecular weight G proteins Ras, Rap, and Rac, inhibits the
activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by
interleukin-1 (IL-1) in EL4.NOB-1 cells and primary fibroblasts. The
target protein involved appeared to be Ras, because transient
transfections with dominant negative RasN17 inhibited p38 MAPK
activation by IL-1. Furthermore, transfections of cells with
constitutively active RasVHa-activated p38 MAPK. Further evidence for
Ras involvement came from the observation that IL-1 caused a rapid
activation of Ras in the cells and from the inhibitory effects of the
Ras inhibitors manumycin A and damnacanthal. Toxin B from
Clostridium difficile, which inactivates Rac, Cdc42, and
Rho, was without effect. Dominant negative versions of Rac (RacN17) or
Rap (Rap1AN17) did not inhibit the response. Intriguingly, transfection
of cells with dominant negative Rap1AN17 activated p38 MAPK.
Furthermore, constitutively active Rap1AV12 inhibited p38 MAPK
activation by IL-1, consistent with Rap antagonizing Ras function. IL-1
also activated Rap in the cells, but with slower kinetics than Ras. Our
studies therefore provide clear evidence using multiple approaches for
Ras as a signaling component in the activation of p38 MAPK by IL-1,
with Rap having an inhibitory effect.
Divergent Roles for Ras and Rap in the Activation of p38
Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase by Interleukin-1*
,
Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology
Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland, the
§ Unité des Toxines Microbiennes, Institut Pasteur,
25 Rue Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France, and the
¶ Microbiology & Tumorbiology Centre, Box 280, Karolinska
Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
*
This work was supported by grants from the Health Research
Board Ireland, Enterprise Ireland, and the European Union.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.:
353-1-6082439; Fax: 353-1-6772400; E-mail: laoneill@tcd.ie.
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