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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 19, 14281-14286, May 12, 2000
From the Three G protein-coupled receptors
(Edg-1, Edg-3, and Edg-5) for the lysolipid phosphoric acid mediator
sphingosine 1-phosphate have been described by molecular cloning. Using
a similar sequence that we found in the expressed sequence tag
data base, we cloned and characterized of a fourth, high
affinity, rat brain sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor, Edg-8. When
HEK293T cells were co-transfected with Edg-8 and G protein DNAs,
prepared membranes showed sphingosine 1- phosphate-dependent
increases in [35S]guanosine
5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate binding with an EC50
of 90 nM. In a rat hepatoma Rh7777 cell line that exhibits
modest endogenous responses to sphingosine 1-phosphate, this lipid
mediator inhibited forskolin-driven rises in cAMP by greater than 90%
when the cells were transfected with Edg-8 DNA (IC50 0.7 nM). This response is blocked fully by prior treatment of
cultures with pertussis toxin, thus implicating signaling through
Gi/o The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EMBL Data Bank with accession number(s) AF233649.
Characterization of a Novel Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor,
Edg-8*
,
§,
,
,
,
, and
¶¶
Department of Pharmacology, University of
Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, the
¶ Center for Vascular Biology and Department of Physiology,
University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
06030, the
Center for Addiction and Mental Health and University
of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1, Canada, the ** Department of
Infectious Disease, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey
07065, and 
Merck, Sharpe & Dohme,
Neuroscience Research Center, Harlow CM20 2QR, United Kingdom
proteins. Furthermore, Xenopus oocytes
exhibit a calcium response to sphingosine 1-phosphate after injection
of Edg-8 mRNA, but only when oocytes are co-injected with chimeric
Gq/i
protein mRNA. Membranes from HEK293T and Rh7777
cell cultures expressing Edg-8 exhibited high affinity
(KD = 2 nM) binding for radiolabeled
sphingosine 1-phosphate. Rat Edg-8 RNA is expressed in spleen and
throughout adult rat brain where in situ hybridization
revealed it to be associated with white matter. Together our data
demonstrate that Edg-8 is a high affinity sphingosine 1-phosphate
receptor that couples to Gi/o
proteins and is expressed
predominantly by oligodendrocytes and/or fibrous astrocytes in the rat brain.
*
This work was supported in part by Research Grants R01
GM52722 (to K. R. L.) and R01 DK4569 (to T. H.) from the
National Institutes of Health.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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