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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 19, 14700-14707, May 12, 2000
From the Departments of To identify genes that are transcriptionally
activated when human macrophages accumulate excess lipids, we employed
the mRNA differential display technique using RNA isolated from
human monocyte-macrophages incubated in the absence or presence of
acetylated low density lipoprotein and sterols (cholesterol and
25-hydroxycholesterol). These studies identified a mRNA whose
levels were highly induced in lipid-loaded macrophages. The mRNA
encoded the human White protein, a member of the ATP-binding cassette
(ABC) transporter superfamily of proteins. The mRNA levels of ABC8,
the murine homolog of the human white gene, were also
induced when a murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, was incubated
with acetylated low density lipoprotein and sterols. Additional studies
demonstrated that white/ABC8 mRNA levels were induced by specific
oxysterols that included 25-, 20(S)-, and
22(R)-hydroxycholesterol, and by a retinoid X
receptor-specific ligand. Furthermore, the oxysterol-mediated induction
of ABC8 expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages was dependent on the
presence of the nuclear oxysterol receptors, liver X receptors (LXRs).
Macrophages derived from mice lacking both LXR
Human White/Murine ABC8 mRNA Levels Are Highly Induced in
Lipid-loaded Macrophages
A TRANSCRIPTIONAL ROLE FOR SPECIFIC OXYSTEROLS*
,
, and
**§§
Biological Chemistry and
Medicine and the ** Molecular Biology Institute, University of
California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 and the
§ Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of
Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center,
Dallas, Texas 75390-9050
and LXR
failed to
up-regulate the expression of ABC8 following incubation with
22(R)-hydroxycholesterol. Oxysterol-dependent induction of white/ABC8 mRNA was blocked by actinomycin D but not
by cycloheximide treatment of cells. We conclude that the white and ABC8 genes are primary response genes
that are transcriptionally activated by specific oxysterols and that
this induction is mediated by the LXR subfamily of nuclear hormone
receptors. These data strongly support the hypothesis that
white/ABC8 has a role in cellular sterol homeostasis.
*
This work was supported by Grant HL 30568 (to P. A. E.) from the National Institutes of Health, grants from the
Laubisch Fund (to P. A. E.), and the Howard Hughes Medical
Institute (to D. J. M.). J.-M. A. L. received an installation
grant from the Philippe Foundation.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Investigator for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
§§
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biological
Chemistry, CHS 33-257, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769. Tel.: 310-206-3717; Fax: 310-794-7345; E-mail:
pedwards@mednet.UCLA.edu.
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