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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 20, 14795-14798, May 19, 2000
s*
From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology-Microbiology,
Göteborg University, Box 462, 405 30 Göteborg,
Sweden
RpoS-dependent promoters require ppGpp
for induction in the stationary phase. This has been thought to be a
simple consequence of 
S itself requiring ppGpp for
its production. By using four model promoters requiring
S for normal induction in the stationary phase, we
demonstrate that S-dependent promoters
require ppGpp even in the presence of high levels of S
produced ectopically. Similar to
70-dependent promoters under positive
control by ppGpp, the requirement of
S-dependent promoters for this alarmone is
bypassed by specific "stringent" mutations in the 
-subunit of
RNA polymerase. The results suggest that stationary phase induction of
both S- and 70-dependent
genes requires the stringent control modulon and that stringency
confers dual control on the RpoS regulon by affecting promoter activity
and the levels of the required -factor.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 46-31-7732582;
Fax: 46-31-7732599; E-mail: Thomas.Nystrom@gmm.gu.se.
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