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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 20, 15239-15245, May 19, 2000
From the Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces cardiac hypertrophy.
Because Ca2+ is a major second messenger of ET-1, the
role of Ca2+ in ET-1-induced hypertrophic responses in
cultured cardiac myocytes of neonatal rats was examined. ET-1 activated
the promoter of the
Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Kinase II and
Calcineurin Play Critical Roles in Endothelin-1-induced Cardiomyocyte
Hypertrophy*
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, and
¶
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan and § Tokyo Metropolitan
Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
-type myosin heavy chain gene
(
-MHC) (
354 to +34 base pairs) by about 4-fold. This
activation was inhibited by chelation of Ca2+ and the
blocking of protein kinase C activity. Similarly, the
-MHC promoter was activated by Ca2+
ionophores and a protein kinase C activator.
-MHC
promoter activation induced by ET-1 was suppressed by pretreatment with
the calmodulin inhibitor, W7, the
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII)
inhibitor, KN62, and the calcineurin inhibitor, cyclosporin A.
-MHC promoter activation by ET-1 was also attenuated by
overexpression of dominant-negative mutants of CaMKII and calcineurin.
ET-1 increased the activity of CaMKII and calcineurin in cardiac
myocytes. Pretreatment with KN62 and cyclosporin A strongly suppressed
ET-1-induced increases in [3H]phenylalanine uptake and in
cell size. These results suggest that Ca2+ plays a critical
role in ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating CaMKII-
and calcineurin-dependent pathways.
*
This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research, Developmental Scientific Research and Scientific Research on
Priority Areas from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and
Culture of Japan and by Program for Promotion of Fundamental Studies in
Health Sciences of the Organization for Drug ADR Relief, R&D Promotion,
and Product Review of Japan (to I. K.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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