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J Biol Chem, Vol. 275, Issue 20, 15305-15313, May 19, 2000
From the Control of energy metabolism by increases of
mitochondrial matrix [Ca2+]
([Ca2+]m) may represent a
fundamental mechanism to meet the ATP demand imposed by heart
contractions, but the machinery underlying propagation of
[Ca2+] signals from ryanodine receptor Ca2+
release channels (RyR) to the mitochondria remains elusive. Using permeabilized cardiac (H9c2) cells we investigated the cytosolic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]c)
and [Ca2+]m signals elicited by
activation of RyR. Caffeine, Ca2+, and ryanodine evoked
[Ca2+]c spikes that often
appeared as frequency-modulated [Ca2+]c oscillations in these
permeabilized cells. Rapid increases in
[Ca2+]m and activation of the
Ca2+-sensitive mitochondrial dehydrogenases were
synchronized to the rising phase of the
[Ca2+]c spikes. The RyR-mediated
elevations of global [Ca2+]c were
in the submicromolar range, but the rate of
[Ca2+]m increases was as large as
it was in the presence of 30 µM global
[Ca2+]c. Furthermore,
RyR-dependent increases of
[Ca2+]m were relatively
insensitive to buffering of
[Ca2+]c by EGTA. Therefore,
RyR-driven rises of [Ca2+]m
appear to result from large and rapid increases of perimitochondrial
[Ca2+]. The falling phase of
[Ca2+]c spikes was followed by a
rapid decay of [Ca2+]m. CGP37157
slowed down relaxation of [Ca2+]m
spikes, whereas cyclosporin A had no effect, suggesting that activation
of the mitochondrial Ca2+ exchangers accounts for rapid
reversal of the [Ca2+]m response
with little contribution from the permeability transition pore. Thus,
rapid activation of Ca2+ uptake sites and Ca2+
exchangers evoked by RyR-mediated local
[Ca2+]c signals allow
mitochondria to respond rapidly to single [Ca2+]c spikes in cardiac cells.
Calcium Signal Transmission between Ryanodine Receptors and
Mitochondria*
,
,
§, and
Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell
Biology, Thomas Jefferson University,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 and the § Department of
Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry
of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School,
Newark, New Jersey 07103
*
This work was supported by a grant-in-aid (to G. H.)
from the American Heart Association and Grants DK51526 (to G. H.)
and DK38422 (to A. P. T.) from the National Institutes of
Health.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Recipient of a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award in the
Biomedical Sciences. To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept.
of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rm. 253 JAH, Thomas Jefferson
University, Philadelphia, PA 19107. Tel.: (215) 503-1427; Fax: (215)
923-2218; E-mail: Gyorgy.Hajnoczky@mail.tju.edu.
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