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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M000389200 on March 16, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 21, 15733-15740, May 26, 2000
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Interaction of Tau with the Neural Membrane Cortex Is Regulated by Phosphorylation at Sites That Are Modified in Paired Helical Filaments*

Thorsten Maas, Jochen Eidenmüller, and Roland BrandtDagger

From the Department of Neurobiology, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Neurowissenschaften (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

The axonal microtubule-associated phosphoprotein tau interacts with neural plasma membrane (PM) components during neuronal development (Brandt, R., Léger, J., and Lee, G. (1995) J. Cell Biol. 131, 1327-1340). To analyze the mechanism and potential regulation of tau's PM association, a method was developed to isolate PM-associated tau using microsphere separation of surface-biotinylated cells. We show that tau's PM association requires an intact membrane cortex and that PM-associated tau and cytosolic tau are differentially phosphorylated at sites detected by several Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnostic antibodies (Ser199/Ser202, Thr231, and Ser396/Ser404). In polar neurons, the association of endogenous tau phosphoisoforms with the membrane cortex correlates with an enrichment in the axonal compartment. To test for a direct effect of AD-specific tau modifications in determining tau's interactions, a phosphomutant that simulates an AD-like hyperphosphorylation of tau was produced by site-directed mutagenesis of Ser/Thr residues to negatively charged amino acids (Glu). These mutations completely abolish tau's association with the membrane cortex; however, the construct retains its capability to bind to microtubules. The data suggest that a loss of tau's association with the membrane cortex as a result of phosphorylation at sites that are modified during disease contributes to somatodendritic tau accumulation, axonal microtubule disintegration, and neuronal death characteristic for AD.


* This work was supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 317, Teilprojekt D3), and the "Landesforschungsschwerpunkt Protein-Faltung und Transport" (to R. B.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Recipient of a Heisenberg fellowship from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 49-6221-548329; Fax: 49-6221-544496; E-mail: Brandt@sun0.urz.uni-heidelberg.de.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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