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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M001847200 on March 16, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 21, 15905-15911, May 26, 2000
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Homeostatic Modulation of Cell Surface KDR and Flt1 Expression and Expression of the Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor (VEGF) Receptor mRNAs by VEGF*

Dongfang WangDagger , David B. Donner§, and Robert S. WarrenDagger

From the Dagger  Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0790 and the § Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202

Vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor expressed during embryonic development, during wound healing, and in pathologies dependent on neovascularization, including cancer. Regulation of the receptor tyrosine kinases, KDR and Flt-1, to which VEGF binds on endothelial cells is incompletely understood. Chronic incubation with tumor-conditioned medium or VEGF diminished 125I-VEGF binding to human umbilical vein endothelial cells, incorporation of 125I-VEGF into covalent complexes with KDR and Flt1, and immunoreactive KDR in cell lysates. Receptor down-regulation desensitized VEGF activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Preincubation with VEGF or tumor-conditioned medium down-regulated cell surface receptor expression but up-regulated KDR and Flt-1 mRNAs, an effect abrogated by a neutralizing VEGF antibody. Removal of VEGF from the medium led to recovery of 125I-VEGF binding and resensitization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Recovery of receptor expression was inhibited by cycloheximide, indicating that augmented VEGF receptor mRNAs, and not receptor recycling from a cytoplasmic pool, restored responsiveness. As the VEGF receptors promote endothelial cell survival, proliferation, and other events necessary for angiogenesis, the noncoordinate regulation of VEGF receptor proteins and mRNAs suggests that human umbilical vein endothelial cells are protected against inappropriate or prolonged loss of VEGF receptors by a homeostatic mechanism important to endothelial cell function.


* This work was supported by NCI, National Institutes of Health, Grants CA52863 and CA 84019 (to R. S. W.) and CA67891 and CA73023 (to D. B. D.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Ave., Rm. U-372, San Francisco, CA 94143-0790. Tel.: 415-476-0800; Fax: 415-476-8696; E-mail: warrenr@surgery.ucsf.edu.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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