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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 21, 15985-15991, May 26, 2000
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SOCS-3 Is an Insulin-induced Negative Regulator of Insulin Signaling*

Brice EmanuelliDagger , Pascal PeraldiDagger §, Chantal Filloux, Dominique Sawka-Verhelle, Douglas Hilton||, and Emmanuel Van Obberghen

From the INSERM U145, IFR-50, Faculté de Médecine, 06107 Nice Cédex 2, France and || The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research and The Cooperative Research Center for Cellular Growth Factor, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia

The SOCS proteins are induced by several cytokines and are involved in negative feedback loops. Here we demonstrate that in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, insulin, a hormone whose receptor does not belong to the cytokine receptor family, induces SOCS-3 expression but not CIS or SOCS-2. Using transfection of COS-7 cells, we show that insulin induction of SOCS-3 is enhanced upon Stat5B expression. Moreover, Stat5B from insulin-stimulated cells binds directly to a Stat element present in the SOCS-3 promoter. Once induced, SOCS-3 inhibits insulin activation of Stat5B without modifying the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Two pieces of evidence suggest that this negative regulation likely results from competition between SOCS-3 and Stat5B binding to the same insulin receptor motif. First, using a yeast two-hybrid system, we show that SOCS-3 binds to the insulin receptor at phosphotyrosine 960, which is precisely where Stat5B binds. Second, using confocal microscopy, we show that insulin induces translocation of SOCS-3 from an intracellular compartment to the cell membrane, leading to colocalization of SOCS-3 with the insulin receptor. This colocalization is dependent upon phosphorylation of insulin receptor tyrosine 960. Indeed, in cells expressing an insulin receptor mutant in which tyrosine 960 has been mutated to phenylalanine, insulin does not modify the cellular localization of SOCS-3. We have thus revealed an insulin target gene of which the expression is potentiated upon Stat5B activation. By inhibiting insulin-stimulated Stat5B, SOCS-3 appears to function as a negative regulator of insulin signaling.


* This work was supported by the INSERM, the Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Groupe LIPHA-Merck (Lyon, France), Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer Grant 9330, and La Fondation de France Grant 9800228.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Both authors contributed equally to this work.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed: INSERM U145, IFR-50, Faculté de Médecine, 06107 Nice Cédex 2, France. Tel.: 33 4 93 81 54 47; Fax: 33 4 93 81 54 32; E-mail: peraldi@unice.fr.

A recipient of a Naturalia Biologica fellowship.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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