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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 21, 16329-16336, May 26, 2000
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From the According to current views, peroxisomal
Inactivation of the Peroxisomal Multifunctional Protein-2 in
Mice Impedes the Degradation of Not Only 2-Methyl-branched Fatty
Acids and Bile Acid Intermediates but Also of Very Long Chain Fatty
Acids*
§,
,
,
, and
Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and
Laboratory of Pharmacology, K. U. Leuven, Herestraat 49 O/N, B 3000 Leuven, Belgium and the ¶ Center for Transgene
Technology and Gene Therapy, Flemish Institute for Biotechnology,
Herestraat 49 O/N, B 3000 Leuven, Belgium
-oxidation is organized as two parallel pathways: the classical
pathway that is responsible for the degradation of straight chain fatty
acids and a more recently identified pathway that degrades branched
chain fatty acids and bile acid intermediates. Multifunctional
protein-2 (MFP-2), also called D-bifunctional
protein, catalyzes the second (hydration) and third (dehydrogenation)
reactions of the latter pathway. In order to further clarify the
physiological role of this enzyme in the degradation of fatty
carboxylates, MFP-2 knockout mice were generated. MFP-2 deficiency
caused a severe growth retardation during the first weeks of life,
resulting in the premature death of one-third of the
MFP-2
/
mice. Furthermore, MFP-2-deficient mice
accumulated VLCFA in brain and liver phospholipids, immature
C27 bile acids in bile, and, after supplementation with
phytol, pristanic and phytanic acid in liver triacylglycerols. These
changes correlated with a severe impairment of peroxisomal
-oxidation of very long straight chain fatty acids
(C24), 2-methyl-branched chain fatty acids, and the bile
acid intermediate trihydroxycoprostanic acid in fibroblast cultures or
liver homogenates derived from the MFP-2 knockout mice. In contrast,
peroxisomal
-oxidation of long straight chain fatty acids
(C16) was enhanced in liver tissue from
MFP-2
/
mice, due to the up-regulation of the enzymes of
the classical peroxisomal
-oxidation pathway. The present data
indicate that MFP-2 is not only essential for the degradation of
2-methyl-branched fatty acids and the bile acid intermediates di- and
trihydroxycoprostanic acid but also for the breakdown of very long
chain fatty acids.
*
These studies were supported by grants from Geconcerteerde
Onderzoeksacties K.U. Leuven (GOA/99/09).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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