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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 33, 25194-25201, August 18, 2000
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From the Molecular Endocrinology Laboratories, Departments of
Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase catalyzes the
bioactivation of thyroid hormone in the brain. In astrocytes, this
~200-kDa, membrane-bound enzyme is composed of at least one p29
subunit, an ~60-kDa, cAMP-induced activation protein, and one or more
uniden- tified catalytic subunit(s). Recently, an artificial type
II-like selenodeiodinase was engineered by fusing two independent
cDNAs together; however, no native type II selenodeiodinase
polypeptide is translated in the brain or brown adipose tissue of rats.
These data suggest that the native type II 5'-deiodinase in rat brain is unrelated to this artificial selenoprotein. In this report, we
describe the cloning of the 29-kDa subunit (p29) of type II 5'-deiodinase from a The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EMBL Data Bank with accession number(s) AF245040.
Cloning, Expression, and Functional Characterization of the
Substrate Binding Subunit of Rat Type II Iodothyronine
5'-Deiodinase*
, and Molecular Genetics
and Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
zapII cDNA library prepared from
cAMP-induced astrocytes. The 3.3-kilobase (kb) cDNA encodes an
~30-kDa, 277-amino acid long, hydrophobic protein lacking
selenocysteine. Northern blot analysis showed that a 3.5-kb p29
mRNA was present in tissues showing type II 5'-deiodinase activity
such as brain and cAMP-stimulated astrocytes. Domain-specific, anti-p29
antibodies specifically immunoprecipitated enzyme activity.
Overexpression of exogenous p29 or a green fluorescence protein
(GFP)-tagged p29 fusion protein led to a >100-fold increase in
deiodinating activity in cAMP-stimulated astrocytes, and the increased
activity was specifically immunoprecipitated by anti-GFP antibodies.
Steady-state reaction kinetics of the enzyme in GFP-tagged
p29-expressing astrocytes are identical to those of the native enzyme
in brain. Direct injection of replication-deficient Ad5-p29GFP virus particles into the cerebral
cortex of neonatal rats leads to a ~2-fold increase in brain type II
5'-deiodinating activity. These data show 1) that the 3.3-kb p29
cDNA encodes an essential subunit of rat type II iodothyronine
5'-deiodinase and 2) identify the first non-selenocysteine
containing subunit of the deiodinase family of enzymes.
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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