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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M002858200 on June 21, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 36, 27893-27900, September 8, 2000
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Zipper-mediated Oligomerization of the Mixed Lineage Kinase SPRK/MLK-3 Is Not Required for Its Activation by the GTPase cdc 42 but Is Necessary for Its Activation of the JNK Pathway
MONOMERIC SPRK L410P DOES NOT CATALYZE THE ACTIVATING PHOSPHORYLATION OF Thr258 OF MURINE MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 4*

Panayiotis O. VacratsisDagger and Kathleen A. GalloDagger §

From the Departments of Dagger  Biochemistry and § Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824

Src homology 3 domain-containing proline-rich kinase (SPRK)/mixed lineage kinase-3 is a serine/threonine kinase that has been identified as an upstream activator of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. SPRK is capable of activating MKK4 by phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues, and mutant forms of MKK4 that lack the phosphorylation sites Ser254 and Thr258 block SPRK-induced JNK activation. A region of 63 amino acids following the kinase domain of SPRK is predicted to form a leucine zipper. The leucine zipper domain of SPRK has been shown to be necessary and sufficient for SPRK oligomerization, but its role in regulating activation of SPRK and downstream signaling remains unclear. In this study, we substituted a proposed stabilizing leucine residue in the zipper domain with a helix-disrupting proline to abrogate zipper-mediated SPRK oligomerization. We demonstrate that constitutively activated Cdc42 fully activates this monomeric SPRK mutant in terms of both autophosphorylation and histone phosphorylation activity and induces the same in vivo phosphorylation pattern as wild type SPRK. However, this catalytically active SPRK zipper mutant is unable to activate JNK. Our data show that the monomeric SPRK mutant fails to phosphorylate one of the two activating phosphorylation sites, Thr258, of MKK4. These studies suggest that zipper-mediated SPRK oligomerization is not required for SPRK activation by Cdc42 but instead is critical for proper interaction and phosphorylation of a downstream target, MKK4.

* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant CA76306.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Depts. of Physiology and Biochemistry, 108 Giltner Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Tel.: 517-355-6475; Fax: 517-355-5125, E-mail: gallo@psl.msu.edu.

Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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