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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M004302200 on July 20, 2000

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 39, 30163-30168, September 29, 2000
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Regulation of DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Activity by Ionizing Radiation-activated Abl Kinase Is an ATM-dependent Process*

Sanjeev ShangaryDagger , Kevin D. Brown§, Aaron W. Adamson§, Scott Edmonson||, Bobby NgDagger , Tej K. Pandita**Dagger Dagger , Jack Yalowich§§, Guillermo E. Taccioli||¶¶, and R. BaskaranDagger ||||

From the Dagger  Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry and the §§ Department of Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, the § Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, the || Department of Microbiology, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, and the ** Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032

Ionizing radiation (IR) treatment results in activation of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl because of phosphorylation by ATM. In vitro evidence indicates that DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) can also phosphorylate and thus potentially activate Abl kinase activity in response to IR exposure. To unravel the role of ATM and DNA-PK in the activation of Abl, we assayed Abl, ATM, and DNA-PK activity in ATM- and DNA-PKcs-deficient cells after irradiation. Our results show that despite the presence of higher than normal levels of DNA-PK kinase activity, c-Abl fails to become activated after IR exposure in ATM-deficient cells. Conversely, normal activation of both ATM and c-Abl occurs in DNA-PKcs-deficient cells, indicating that ATM but not DNA-PK is required for activation of Abl in response to IR treatment. Moreover, activation of Abl kinase activity by IR correlates well with activation of ATM activity in all phases of the cell cycle. These results indicate that ATM is primarily responsible for activation of Abl in response to IR exposure in a cell cycle-independent fashion. Examination of DNA-PK activity in response to IR treatment in Abl-deficient cells expressing mutant forms of Abl or in normal cells exposed to an inhibitor of Abl suggests an in vivo role for Abl in the down-regulation of DNA-PK activity. Collectively, these results suggest a convergence of the ATM and DNA-PK pathways in the cellular response to IR through c-Abl kinase.


* This work was supported by Grant IRG-60-002-40 from the American Cancer Society (to R. B.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Supported by American Cancer Society Grant GMC-98564.

Dagger Dagger Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant NS 34746.

¶¶ Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant CA76409 and American Cancer Society Grant IN97-T. Scholar of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society.

|||| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, E1205 Biomedical Science Tower, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Tel.: 412-648-9023; Fax: 412-624-1401; E-mail address: bask@pitt.edu.


Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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