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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 275, Issue 39, 30202-30210, September 29, 2000
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From INSERM U447, IBL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue Calmette,
59019 Lille Cedex, France, the § Department of Molecular
Cell Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The
Netherlands, and ¶ CNRS UMR 8525, IBL, Institut Pasteur de Lille,
1 rue Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
Many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria secrete
virulence factors across the cell envelope into the extracellular
milieu. The secretion of filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) by
Bordetella pertussis depends on the pore-forming outer
membrane protein FhaC, which belongs to a growing family of protein
transporters. Protein alignment and secondary structure predictions
indicated that FhaC is likely to be a
Novel Topological Features of FhaC, the Outer Membrane
Transporter Involved in the Secretion of the Bordetella
pertussis Filamentous Hemagglutinin*
,
-barrel protein with an odd
number of transmembrane
-strands connected by large surface loops
and short periplasmic turns. The membrane topology of FhaC was
investigated by random insertion of the c-Myc epitope and the
tobacco etch virus protease-specific cleavage sequence. FhaC was
fairly permissive to short linker insertions. Furthermore, FhaC
appeared to undergo conformational changes upon FHA secretion. Surface
detection of the inserted sequences indicated that several predicted
loops in the C-terminal moiety as well as the N terminus of the protein
are exposed. However, a large surface-predicted region in the
N-terminal moiety of FhaC was inaccessible from the surface. In
addition, the activity and the stability of the protein were affected
by insertions in that region, indicating that it may have important
structural and/or functional roles. The surface exposure of the N
terminus and the presence of an odd number of
-strands are novel
features for
-barrel outer membrane proteins.
*
This work was supported in part by INSERM, the Institut
Pasteur de Lille, and the Région Nord-Pas de Calais.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Supported by the Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de la
Recherche et de la Technologie.
Researcher of the CNRS. To whom correspondence should be
addressed. Tel.: 33 3 20 87 11 55; Fax: 33 3 20 87 11 58; E-mail francoise.jacob@pasteur-lille.fr.
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